Nyengo yatsopano yamakampani opanga magalimoto amagetsi imagwira ntchito ziwiri zakusintha kwa mafakitale ndi kukweza ndi kuteteza chilengedwe, zomwe zimayendetsa kwambiri chitukuko cha mafakitale a zingwe zokwera magetsi ndi zina zofananira zamagalimoto amagetsi, ndipo opanga zingwe ndi mabungwe a certification ali nawo. adayika mphamvu zambiri pakufufuza ndi kukonza zingwe zamagalimoto amagetsi okwera kwambiri. Zingwe zamagetsi apamwamba zamagalimoto amagetsi zimakhala ndi zofunikira pakuchita bwino m'mbali zonse, ndipo zimayenera kukwaniritsa mulingo wa RoHSb, kalasi ya retardant grade UL94V-0 komanso magwiridwe antchito mofewa. Pepalali likuwonetsa zida ndiukadaulo wokonzekera zingwe zamagetsi apamwamba pamagalimoto amagetsi.
1.Zinthu za chingwe chokwera kwambiri
(1) Zinthu zoyendetsera chingwe
Pakalipano, pali zipangizo ziwiri zazikulu za chingwe chowongolera chingwe: mkuwa ndi aluminium. Makampani ochepa akuganiza kuti aluminiyamu pachimake akhoza kuchepetsa kwambiri ndalama zopangira, powonjezera mkuwa, chitsulo, magnesium, silicon ndi zinthu zina pamaziko a zipangizo zoyera za aluminiyamu, pogwiritsa ntchito njira zapadera monga kaphatikizidwe ndi chithandizo cha annealing, kusintha kayendedwe ka magetsi, kupindika. ntchito ndi dzimbiri kukana kwa chingwe, kuti akwaniritse zofunikira za mphamvu yolemetsa yofanana, kuti akwaniritse zomwezo monga ma conductors amkuwa kapena bwino. Chifukwa chake, mtengo wopangira umapulumutsidwa kwambiri. Komabe, mabizinesi ambiri amawonabe kuti mkuwa ndiye chinthu chachikulu cha gawo la conductor, choyamba, kukhazikika kwa mkuwa kumakhala kochepa, ndiye kuti magwiridwe antchito ambiri amkuwa ndi abwino kuposa aluminiyamu pamlingo womwewo, monga kuchuluka kwamakono. kunyamula mphamvu, kutayika kwamagetsi otsika, kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zochepa komanso kudalirika kwambiri. Pakali pano, kusankha kondakitala zambiri amagwiritsa dziko muyezo 6 makonda zofewa (single mkuwa waya elongation ayenera kukhala wamkulu kuposa 25%, awiri a monofilament ndi zosakwana 0,30) kuonetsetsa softness ndi kulimba kwa monofilament mkuwa. Table 1 ikuwonetsa milingo yomwe imayenera kukwaniritsidwa pazida zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri.
(2) Insulating wosanjikiza zipangizo zingwe
Chilengedwe chamkati cha magalimoto amagetsi ndizovuta, posankha zipangizo zotetezera, kumbali imodzi, kuonetsetsa kuti kugwiritsira ntchito bwino kwazitsulo zosanjikiza, kumbali ina, momwe mungathere kusankha kukonza kosavuta ndi zipangizo zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri. Pakadali pano, zida zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri ndi polyvinyl chloride (PVC).polyethylene yolumikizidwa (XLPE), mphira wa silikoni, thermoplastic elastomer (TPE), etc., ndi katundu wawo wamkulu akuwonetsedwa mu Table 2.
Pakati pawo, PVC ili ndi lead, koma RoHS Directive imaletsa kugwiritsa ntchito lead, mercury, cadmium, hexvalent chromium, polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDE) ndi polybrominated biphenyls (PBB) ndi zinthu zina zovulaza, kotero m'zaka zaposachedwa PVC yasinthidwa ndi XLPE, mphira silikoni, TPE ndi zipangizo zina zachilengedwe.
(3) Chingwe chotchinga wosanjikiza zakuthupi
Chotchinga chotchinga chimagawidwa m'magawo awiri: semi-conductive shielding layer ndi yoluka yotchinga. Voliyumu resistivity wa theka-conductive kutchinga zakuthupi pa 20 ° C ndi 90 ° C ndipo pambuyo ukalamba ndi yofunika luso lolozera kuyeza zinthu zotchinga, amene mosalunjika chimatsimikizira moyo utumiki wa mkulu-voteji chingwe. Zida zodzitchinjiriza zodzitchinjiriza zodziwika bwino zimaphatikizapo mphira wa ethylene-propylene (EPR), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), ndipolyethylene (PE)zida zochokera. Pankhani kuti zopangira alibe ubwino ndi mlingo khalidwe sangathe bwino pakapita nthawi, mabungwe kafukufuku sayansi ndi opanga chingwe chuma kuganizira kafukufuku wa processing luso ndi chilinganizo chiŵerengero cha zinthu zoteteza, ndi kufunafuna luso mu chiŵerengero cha zinthu zotetezera kuti chiwongolero cha chingwe chikhale bwino.
2. High voteji chingwe kukonzekera ndondomeko
(1) Ukadaulo wa Conductor Strand
Njira yoyambira ya chingwe yapangidwa kwa nthawi yayitali, kotero palinso zomwe zili mumakampani ndi mabizinesi. Pojambula mawaya, molingana ndi mawonekedwe osasunthika a waya umodzi, zida zomangira zimatha kugawidwa kukhala makina osapindika, makina osasunthika komanso makina osapindika / osapindika. Chifukwa cha kutentha kwapamwamba kwa crystallization ya conductor yamkuwa, kutentha kwa annealing ndi nthawi yayitali, ndikoyenera kugwiritsa ntchito makina opangira makina osasunthika kuti agwire kukoka kosalekeza ndi kukoka mosalekeza monwire kuti apititse patsogolo elongation ndi kuthyoka kwa waya. Pakali pano, chingwe cholumikizira cha polyethylene (XLPE) chalowa m'malo mwa chingwe cha pepala chamafuta pakati pa 1 ndi 500kV voltage. Pali njira ziwiri zodziwika zopangira ma conductor a XLPE: kuphatikizika kozungulira ndi kupindika kwa waya. Kumbali imodzi, pachimake waya amatha kupewa kutentha kwambiri komanso kuthamanga kwapaipi yolumikizidwa pamtanda kukanikizira zida zake zotchingira ndi zinthu zotsekereza mumpata wa waya wokhazikika ndikuwononga; Kumbali inayi, imathanso kulepheretsa kulowa kwa madzi motsatira njira ya conductor kuti zitsimikizire kuti chingwecho chikuyenda bwino. The kondakitala mkuwa palokha ndi concentric stranding dongosolo, amene makamaka amapangidwa ndi wamba chimango stranding makina, mphanda stranding makina, etc. Poyerekeza ndi zozungulira compaction ndondomeko, akhoza kuonetsetsa kondakitala stranding kuzungulira mapangidwe.
(2) XLPE chingwe kutchinjiriza njira kupanga
Popanga chingwe champhamvu chamagetsi cha XLPE, catenary dry cross-linking (CCV) ndi vertical dry cross-linking (VCV) ndi njira ziwiri zopangira.
(3) Njira yowonjezera
Poyambirira, opanga chingwe ntchito yachiwiri extrusion ndondomeko kubala chingwe kutchinjiriza pachimake, sitepe yoyamba pa nthawi yomweyo extrusion kondakita chishango ndi kutchinjiriza wosanjikiza, ndiyeno mtanda zogwirizana ndi bala kwa thireyi chingwe, anaika kwa nthawi ndiyeno extrusion. chishango cha insulation. M'zaka za m'ma 1970, njira ya 1 + 2 yosanjikiza katatu idawonekera pakatikati pa waya wotsekera, kulola kuti kutchingira kwamkati ndi kunja ndi kutsekereza kumalize munjira imodzi. Njirayi imayamba kutulutsa chishango cha conductor, itatha mtunda waufupi (2 ~ 5m), ndiyeno imatulutsa chishango chotchinga ndi chotchingira pachitetezo cha conductor nthawi yomweyo. Komabe, njira ziwiri zoyambirira zimakhala ndi zovuta zazikulu, kotero kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 1990, ogulitsa zida zopangira chingwe adayambitsa njira yopangira magawo atatu, yomwe imatulutsa chitetezo cha conductor, kutchinjiriza ndi kutchingira nthawi imodzi. Zaka zingapo zapitazo, mayiko akunja komanso anapezerapo latsopano extruder mbiya mutu ndi yokhota kumapeto mauna mbale kamangidwe, ndi kugwirizanitsa wononga mutu patsekeke otaya kuthamanga kuchepetsa kudzikundikira zinthu, kuwonjezera nthawi yopitiriza kupanga, m'malo osayimitsa kusintha specifications. mapangidwe amutu amathanso kupulumutsa kwambiri ndalama zochepetsera nthawi komanso kukonza bwino.
3. Mapeto
Magalimoto amagetsi atsopano ali ndi chiyembekezo chabwino cha chitukuko komanso msika waukulu, amafunikira zida zingapo zamagetsi okwera kwambiri, kukana kutentha kwambiri, chitetezo chamagetsi, kukana kupindika, kusinthasintha, moyo wautali wogwira ntchito ndi zina zabwino kwambiri popanga ndikukhala msika. Galimoto yamagetsi yamagetsi yamagetsi yamagetsi komanso njira yake yokonzekera imakhala ndi chiyembekezo chotukuka. Galimoto yamagetsi sichitha kuwongolera magwiridwe antchito ndikuwonetsetsa kuti chitetezo chimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanda chingwe chokwera kwambiri.
Nthawi yotumiza: Aug-23-2024