Sheath kapena sheath yakunja ndiye chotchinga chakunja chotchingira chingwe chowoneka bwino, chopangidwa makamaka ndi PE sheath material ndi PVC sheath material, komanso zinthu zamtundu wa halogen zoletsa moto wamoto komanso zinthu zosagwirizana ndi magetsi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito munthawi yapadera.
1. PE sheath zinthu
PE ndi chidule cha polyethylene, amene ndi polima pawiri wopangidwa ndi polymerization wa ethylene. Zida zakuda za polyethylene sheath zimapangidwa ndi kusakaniza kofanana ndi granulating polyethylene resin yokhala ndi stabilizer, carbon black, antioxidant ndi plasticizer mu gawo lina. Polyethylene m'chimake zipangizo m'chimake chingwe kuwala akhoza kugawidwa mu otsika kachulukidwe polyethylene (LDPE), liniya otsika osalimba polyethylene (LLDPE), sing'anga-kachulukidwe polyethylene (MDPE) ndi mkulu-kachulukidwe polyethylene (HDPE) malinga ndi kachulukidwe. Chifukwa cha kachulukidwe kake kosiyanasiyana komanso kapangidwe ka mamolekyu, ali ndi zinthu zosiyanasiyana. Polyethylene yotsika kwambiri, yomwe imatchedwanso high-pressure polyethylene, imapangidwa ndi copolymerization ya ethylene pamtunda wapamwamba (pamwamba pa 1500 atmospheres) pa 200-300 ° C ndi mpweya monga chothandizira. Choncho, unyolo wa maselo a polyethylene otsika kwambiri amakhala ndi nthambi zambiri zautali wosiyana, wokhala ndi nthambi zambiri za unyolo, mawonekedwe osagwirizana, otsika crystallinity, ndi kusinthasintha kwabwino komanso kutalika. Polyethylene yapamwamba kwambiri, yomwe imatchedwanso low-pressure polyethylene, imapangidwa ndi polymerization ya ethylene pamtunda wotsika (1-5 atmospheres) ndi 60-80 ° C ndi aluminium ndi titaniyamu catalysts. Chifukwa cha kugawa kwapang'onopang'ono kwa mamolekyulu a polyethylene yapamwamba kwambiri komanso dongosolo ladongosolo la mamolekyu, lili ndi zida zabwino zamakina, kukana kwamankhwala abwino komanso kutentha kosiyanasiyana. Zapakatikati kachulukidwe polyethylene sheath zinthu amapangidwa ndi kusakaniza mkulu kachulukidwe polyethylene ndi otsika kachulukidwe polyethylene mu gawo loyenerera, kapena polymerizing ethylene monoma ndi propylene (kapena monomer wachiwiri wa 1-butene). Choncho, ntchito ya polyethylene yapakati-kachulukidwe imakhala pakati pa polyethylene yochuluka kwambiri ndi polyethylene yotsika kwambiri, ndipo imakhala ndi kusinthasintha kwa polyethylene yotsika kwambiri komanso kukana kwambiri kuvala ndi mphamvu zowonongeka za polyethylene yapamwamba. Liniya otsika osalimba polyethylene ndi polymerized ndi otsika-anzanu mpweya gawo kapena njira yothetsera ndi ethylene monoma ndi 2-olefin. Digiri ya nthambi ya polyethylene yotsika kwambiri imakhala pakati pa kachulukidwe kakang'ono komanso kachulukidwe kwambiri, chifukwa chake imakhala ndi kukana kwamphamvu kwachilengedwe. Kulimbana ndi kupsinjika kwa chilengedwe ndichizindikiro chofunikira kwambiri pozindikira mtundu wa zida za PE. Zimatanthawuza chodabwitsa kuti chidutswa choyezera zinthu chomwe chimapindika ndikugwedezeka m'malo a surfactant. Zinthu zomwe zimakhudza kupsinjika kwa zinthu ndizo: kulemera kwa maselo, kugawa kwa maselo, crystallinity, ndi microstructure ya chain molecular. Kulemera kwa mamolekyu, kumachepetsa kulemera kwa maselo, kumagwirizana kwambiri pakati pa zophika, kumapangitsa kuti zinthuzo zisamawonongeke, komanso moyo wautali wa ntchito; nthawi yomweyo, crystallization wa zinthu zimakhudzanso chizindikiro ichi. Kutsika kwa crystallinity, kumapangitsa kuti zinthuzo zikhale bwino. Kulimba kwamphamvu komanso kukulirakulira pakutha kwa zida za PE ndi chizindikiro china choyezera momwe zinthu zimagwirira ntchito, komanso zimatha kuneneratu kumapeto kwa kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa zinthuzo. Zomwe zili mu kaboni muzinthu za PE zimatha kukana kukokoloka kwa kuwala kwa ultraviolet pazinthu, ndipo ma antioxidants amatha kusintha bwino zinthu za antioxidant.
2. PVC sheath zakuthupi
PVC retardant lawi zinthu zili ndi maatomu klorini, amene kuwotcha mu lawi. Ikayaka, imawola ndikutulutsa mpweya wambiri wa HCL wowononga komanso wowopsa, womwe ungayambitse vuto lachiwiri, koma udzazimitsa yokha ikachoka pamoto, motero umakhala ndi mawonekedwe osafalitsa lawi; nthawi yomweyo, PVC m'chimake zakuthupi ali kusinthasintha wabwino ndi extensibility, ndipo chimagwiritsidwa ntchito zingwe m'nyumba kuwala.
3. Zida za m'chimake zopanda halogen
Popeza kuti polyvinyl chloride imatulutsa mpweya wapoizoni ikayaka, anthu apanga utsi wochepa, wopanda halogen, wopanda poizoni, woyeretsa lawi lamoto, ndiye kuti, kuwonjezera zotsalira zamoto Al(OH)3 ndi Mg(OH)2 ku zida wamba za m'chimake, zomwe zimamasula madzi akristalo akakumana ndi moto, kuletsa kutentha kwambiri, kuletsa kutentha kwambiri, kuletsa kutentha kwamoto ndikuletsa kutentha kwambiri. kuyaka. Popeza ma inorganic flame retardants amawonjezedwa ku zida za halogen zopanda lawi lamoto, kuwongolera kwa ma polima kumawonjezeka. Nthawi yomweyo, ma resins ndi ma inorganic flame retardants ndi osiyana kwambiri ndi magawo awiri. Pa processing, m'pofunika kupewa m'goli kusanganikirana retardants lawi kwanuko. Zoletsa zamoto za inorganic ziyenera kuwonjezeredwa muzambiri zoyenera. Ngati gawoli ndi lalikulu kwambiri, mphamvu yamakina ndi elongation pakupuma kwa zinthuzo zidzachepetsedwa kwambiri. Zizindikiro zowunika zomwe zimalepheretsa malawi amoto oletsa moto wa halogen ndi index ya okosijeni komanso kuchuluka kwa utsi. Mlozera wa okosijeni ndiye kuchuluka kwa okosijeni komwe kumafunikira kuti zinthuzo zisamayaka bwino mu mpweya wosakanikirana wa oxygen ndi nayitrogeni. Mlozera wokulirapo wa okosijeni umapangitsa kuti zinthuzo zisamawotche ndi moto. Kuchuluka kwa utsi kumawerengedwa poyesa kufalikira kwa kuwala kofananira komwe kumadutsa utsi wopangidwa ndi kuyaka kwa zinthuzo mu malo enaake ndi kutalika kwa njira ya kuwala. Kutsika kwa utsi kumapangitsa kuti utsi utsike kwambiri komanso momwe zinthu zikuyendera bwino.
4. Magetsi chizindikiro kugonjetsedwa m'chimake zakuthupi
Pali zochulukirachulukira pa all-media self-supporting optical cable (ADSS) zomwe zili munsanja yomweyi yokhala ndi mizere yamagetsi apamwamba pamakina olankhulirana amagetsi. Pofuna kuthana ndi mphamvu yamagetsi opangira magetsi opangira magetsi pa sheath ya chingwe, anthu apanga ndikutulutsa zida zatsopano zamagetsi zosagwira chilonda, zida za sheath poyang'anira zomwe zili mu kaboni wakuda, kukula ndi kugawa kwa tinthu tating'ono ta kaboni wakuda, ndikuwonjezera zowonjezera zowonjezera kuti zinthu za sheath zikhale ndi magwiridwe antchito abwino kwambiri amagetsi.
Nthawi yotumiza: Aug-26-2024