Zida za Polyolefin, zomwe zimadziwika ndi mphamvu zake zamagetsi zabwino kwambiri, kusinthika, komanso magwiridwe antchito a chilengedwe, zakhala chimodzi mwazinthu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pakutchinjiriza ndi zida za sheath mumakampani amawaya ndi zingwe.
Ma polyolefin ndi ma polima olemera kwambiri a molekyulu opangidwa kuchokera ku olefin monomers monga ethylene, propylene, ndi butene. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'matambo, kulongedza, kumanga, magalimoto, ndi mafakitale azachipatala.
Popanga zingwe, zida za polyolefin zimapereka ma dielectric otsika, kutsekemera kwapamwamba, komanso kukana kwamphamvu kwamankhwala, kuwonetsetsa kukhazikika komanso chitetezo kwanthawi yayitali. Makhalidwe awo opanda halogen komanso osinthikanso amagwirizananso ndi zochitika zamakono pakupanga zobiriwira komanso zokhazikika.
I. Gulu ndi Mtundu wa Monomer
1. Polyethylene (PE)
Polyethylene (PE) ndi utomoni wa thermoplastic wopangidwa kuchokera ku ethylene monomers ndipo ndi imodzi mwamapulasitiki omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi. Kutengera kachulukidwe ndi kapangidwe ka maselo, imagawidwa m'mitundu ya LDPE, HDPE, LLDPE, ndi XLPE.
(1)Polyethylene yotsika kwambiri (LDPE)
Kapangidwe: Wopangidwa ndi polymerization yaulere yaulere; ili ndi maunyolo ambiri a nthambi, okhala ndi crystallinity ya 55-65% ndi kachulukidwe ka 0.91-0.93 g/cm³.
Katundu: Yofewa, yowonekera, komanso yosagwira ntchito koma imakhala ndi kutentha pang'ono (mpaka pafupifupi 80 ° C).
Ntchito: Zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati sheath zolumikizirana ndi zingwe zolumikizira, kusinthasintha kusinthasintha ndi kutchinjiriza.
(2) High-Density Polyethylene (HDPE)
Kapangidwe: Polima pansi pa kupanikizika kochepa ndi Ziegler-Natta catalysts; ali ndi nthambi zochepa kapena alibe, crystallinity yapamwamba (80-95%), ndi makulidwe a 0.94-0.96 g/cm³.
Katundu: Mphamvu yayikulu komanso kukhazikika, kukhazikika kwamankhwala kwabwino, koma kuchepetsedwa pang'ono kulimba kwa kutentha.
Mapulogalamu: Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popanga zotchingira, zolumikizira zolumikizirana, ndi zingwe za fiber optic, zomwe zimapereka nyengo yabwino komanso chitetezo chamakina, makamaka pakuyika panja kapena pansi.
(3) Linear Low Density Polyethylene (LLDPE)
Kapangidwe: Copolymerized kuchokera ku ethylene ndi α-olefin, yokhala ndi nthambi zazifupi; kachulukidwe pakati pa 0.915–0.925 g/cm³.
Katundu: Zimaphatikiza kusinthasintha ndi mphamvu ndi kukana kwabwino kwa puncture.
Ntchito: Yoyenera pa sheath ndi zida zotsekera mu zingwe zotsika komanso zapakati-voltage ndi zingwe zowongolera, kukulitsa mphamvu komanso kukana kupindika.
(4)Cross-Linked Polyethylene (XLPE)
Kapangidwe: Ma network atatu-dimensional omwe amapangidwa kudzera muzolumikizana ndi mankhwala kapena thupi (silane, peroxide, kapena electron-beam).
Katundu: Kukana kwamphamvu kwamafuta, mphamvu zamakina, kutchinjiriza kwamagetsi, komanso kusinthasintha kwanyengo.
Mapulogalamu: Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pazingwe zamagetsi zapakati ndi zamphamvu kwambiri, zingwe zamagetsi zatsopano, ndi ma waya agalimoto - zinthu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popanga zingwe zamakono.
2. Polypropylene (PP)
Polypropylene (PP), yopangidwa ndi polymer kuchokera ku propylene, imakhala ndi makulidwe a 0.89-0.92 g/cm³, malo osungunuka a 164-176 °C, ndi kutentha kwa ntchito kwa -30 °C mpaka 140 °C.
Katundu: Zopepuka, mphamvu zamakina apamwamba, kukana kwamphamvu kwamankhwala, komanso kutsekemera kwamagetsi kwapamwamba.
Mapulogalamu: Amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka ngati zida zotsekera zopanda halogen mu zingwe. Ndi kugogomezera kwambiri pachitetezo cha chilengedwe, polypropylene (XLPP) yolumikizirana (XLPP) ndi copolymer PP zosinthidwa zikuchulukirachulukira m'malo mwa polyethylene yachikhalidwe pamakina otenthetsera komanso okwera kwambiri, monga njanji, mphamvu yamphepo, ndi zingwe zamagalimoto amagetsi.
3. Polybutylene (PB)
Polybutylene imaphatikizapo Poly(1-butene) (PB-1) ndi Polyisobutylene (PIB).
Katundu: Kukana kutentha kwabwino, kukhazikika kwamankhwala, komanso kukana kukwawa.
Mapulogalamu: PB-1 imagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mapaipi, mafilimu, ndi kuyika, pamene PIB imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popanga zingwe monga gel otsekera madzi, sealant, ndi kudzaza pawiri chifukwa cha kusasunthika kwake kwa mpweya komanso kusasunthika kwa mankhwala-omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu zingwe za fiber optic pofuna kusindikiza ndi kuteteza chinyezi.
II. Zida Zina Zodziwika za Polyolefin
(1) Ethylene-Vinyl Acetate Copolymer (EVA)
EVA imaphatikiza ethylene ndi vinyl acetate, yokhala ndi kusinthasintha komanso kukana kuzizira (kumakhalabe kusinthasintha pa -50 ° C).
Katundu: Zofewa, zosagwira, zopanda poizoni, komanso zosakalamba.
Mapulogalamu: M'zingwe, EVA imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chosinthira kusinthasintha kapena utomoni wonyamulira mu Low Smoke Zero Halogen (LSZH) formulations, kuwongolera kukhazikika kwa kukonza ndi kusinthasintha kwa eco-friendly insulation and sheath materials.
(2) UHMWPE (UHMWPE)
Ndi mamolekyu olemera opitilira 1.5 miliyoni, UHMWPE ndi pulasitiki yaukadaulo wapamwamba kwambiri.
Katundu: Kukana kwamphamvu kwambiri pakati pa mapulasitiki, mphamvu yamphamvu kuwirikiza kasanu kuposa ABS, kukana kwamphamvu kwamankhwala, komanso kuyamwa kochepa kwa chinyezi.
Ntchito: Amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu zingwe zowoneka bwino ndi zingwe zapadera ngati zokutira kapena zokutira pazinthu zolimba, zomwe zimakulitsa kukana kuwonongeka kwamakina ndi ma abrasion.
III. Mapeto
Zida za Polyolefin zimakhala zopanda halogen, zotsika utsi, komanso zopanda poizoni zikawotchedwa. Amapereka mphamvu zokhazikika zamagetsi, zamakina, ndi kukonza, ndipo magwiridwe antchito awo amatha kupititsidwa patsogolo kudzera muukadaulo wophatikizira, kuphatikiza, ndi kuphatikizira.
Ndi kuphatikiza kwawo kwa chitetezo, kuyanjana kwa chilengedwe, ndi magwiridwe antchito odalirika, zida za polyolefin zakhala njira yayikulu mumakampani amakono a waya ndi zingwe. Kuyang'ana m'tsogolo, monga magawo monga magalimoto amagetsi atsopano, ma photovoltaics, ndi mauthenga a deta akupitiriza kukula, zatsopano zamapulogalamu a polyolefin zidzapititsa patsogolo chitukuko chapamwamba komanso chitukuko chokhazikika cha makampani a chingwe.
Nthawi yotumiza: Oct-17-2025