Kapangidwe ka chikho kumawoneka kosavuta, gawo lililonse la lili ndi cholinga chake chofunikira popanga chingwecho, kuti zitsimikizire kuti kudalirika kwa zinthuzi.
1.
M'mbuyomu, zinthu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pochita zingwe zamphamvu zinali zamkuwa ndi zithumi. Sodium adayesedwa mwachidule. Mkuwa ndi aluminiyamu ali ndi mawonekedwe abwino abwino, ndipo kuchuluka kwa mkuwa kumakhala kocheperako potumiza komweko, kotero kuti mulifupi mozungulira pomporper ndi yaying'ono kuposa iluminium wochititsa. Mtengo wa aluminiyamu ndiwotsika kwambiri kuposa mkuwa. Kuphatikiza apo, chifukwa kuchuluka kwa mkuwa ndikokulirapo kuposa kwa aluminiyamu, ngakhale mutakhala kuti gawo lomwe limakhala ndi vuto la aluminiyam ndilokulirapo kuposa momwe aluminium wochititsa a aluminium ndilokulirabe kuposa chingwe cha mkuwa.
2. Zida zopindika
Pali zinthu zambiri zothandizira zomwe zingwe zopangira MV zimatha kugwiritsa ntchito, ngakhale kuphatikiza ukadaulo zogwirizanitsa pepala, zomwe zagwiritsidwa ntchito bwino kwa zaka zopitilira 100. Masiku ano, kutukuka kwa polymer kwalandiridwa kwambiri. Zinthu zopsereza polymer zimaphatikizapo penti (ldpe ndi hdpe), xlpe, wtr-xlpe ndi ep. Zipangizozi ndi za thermoplac komanso thermoseting. Zida za Thermoplacts zimasiyanitsa pomwe zimatenthedwa, pomwe zida za thermodet zimasunga mawonekedwe awo pabwino.
2.1. Pepala
Kumayambiriro kwa opaleshoni yawo, zingwe zopatulidwa mapepala zimangokhala zochepa zokha ndipo zimasungidwa bwino. Komabe, ogwiritsa ntchito mphamvu akupitilizabe kupanga chingwe chonyamula katundu kwambiri, malo oyambira sakhalanso oyeneranso kukwaniritsa chinsinsi, ndiye kuti zoyambirira sizingaimire ntchito ya chingwe iyenera kukhala yabwino. M'zaka zaposachedwa, zingwe zotsekeredwa sizigwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri.
2.2.Pvc
PVC imagwiritsidwabe ntchito ngati zida zothandizira pa 1kv zingwe zotsika mtengo ndipo ndizopumira. Komabe, kugwiritsa ntchito PVC mu chinsinsi kukumbukiridwa ndikusinthidwa mwachangu ndi xlpe, ndipo ntchito yolumikizira imasinthidwa (MDEPE), ndi zingwe zopanda PVC zimakhala ndi ndalama zochepa.
2.3. Polyethylene (pe)
Kuchulukitsa kotsika polyethylene (LDPE) kunapangidwa m'ma 1930s ndipo tsopano amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati malo osungirako polyethylene (WTR-XLPE). Mumtunda wa thermoplastic, kutentha kogwira ntchito kwambiri kwa polyethylene ndi 75 ° C, komwe ndikotsika kuposa kutentha kwa mapepala (80 ~ 90 c). Vutoli lathetsedwa ndi kubwera kwa polyethylene (xlpe), komwe kumatha kukumana kapena kupitirira kutentha kwa zingwe zotsekeredwa mapepala.
2.4.Cholumikizidwa ndi polyethylene (xlpe)
XLPA ndi zinthu zopangidwa ndi thermoseting zomwe zimapangidwa ndi kusakaniza kotsika polyethylene (ldpe) ndi wothandizira (monga peroxide).
Kutentha kwakukulu kogwirizira kwa chingwe cha xlpe chodzaza ndi 90 ° C, mayeso ochulukirapo ali mpaka 140 ° C, ndipo kutentha kwa madera
2.5. Mtengo wa Madzi Omwe Wogonjetsedwa Madzi Olumikizidwa (WTR-XLPE)
Mtengo wamadzi Phenomenon amachepetsa moyo wa Xlpe chingwe. Pali njira zambiri zochepetsera kukula kwa mtengo wamadzi, koma chimodzi mwazomwe chimangovomereza kwambiri ndikugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zotulutsidwa makamaka zopangira kukula kwa mtengo wa madzi, mtengo wotchedwa Polythylene wtr-xlpe.
2.6. Ethylene Proble (EPR)
Epr ndi zinthu zopangidwa ndi ma armosene, propylene (nthawi zina wolomeri wachitatu), ndipo mkuwa wa monomers atatuwo amatchedwa ethylene proble (Epdm). Pakutentha kwakukulu, eppu nthawi zonse zimakhala zofewa ndipo zimakhala ndi kukana bwino Corona. Komabe, kutayika kwa dielect kwa zinthu za eprolec kuli kokulirapo kuposa xlpe ndi wtr-xlpe.
3..
Njira yopingasa imafotokoza za polymer yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito. Kupanga ma polima opingasa kumayamba ndi matrix polymer kenako okhazikika ndi owotchera amawonjezeredwa kuti apange osakaniza. Njira yopingasa imawonjezeranso kulumikizana kwambiri kwa mawonekedwe. Kamodzi lolumikizidwa, uleme ya polymes moleculal amakhalabe zotanuka, koma sizingasinthidwe kwathunthu kuti usungunuke.
4. Woyendetsa akutchingira ndikugwiritsa ntchito zida zotchinga
Wosanjikiza wosanjikiza watayika panja wakunja ndi kutchingira kuti atchule madera amagetsi ndipo ali ndi gawo lamagetsi m'ngalawa. Izi zili ndi kalasi yapamwamba yazinthu zakuda za kaboni kuti zithandizire chingwe chotchinga kuti chikwaniritse mawonekedwe okhazikika mkati mwa magawo osiyanasiyana.
Post Nthawi: Apr-12-2024