Lero, ndiloleni ndifotokoze mwatsatanetsatane kapangidwe ka zingwe za Ethernet za m'madzi. Mwachidule, zingwe za Ethernet zokhazikika zimakhala ndi kondakitala, gawo loteteza, gawo loteteza, ndi gawo lakunja, pomwe zingwe zoteteza zimawonjezera gawo lamkati ndi gawo la chitetezo pakati pa gawo loteteza ndi gawo lakunja. Mwachionekere, zingwe zoteteza sizimangopereka chitetezo chamakina chokha komanso gawo lina loteteza mkati. Tsopano, tiyeni tiwone gawo lililonse mwatsatanetsatane.
1. Kondakitala: Pakati pa Kutumiza Zizindikiro
Ma conductor a chingwe cha Ethernet amabwera muzinthu zosiyanasiyana kuphatikizapo mkuwa wothira, mkuwa wopanda kanthu, waya wa aluminiyamu, aluminiyamu wothira mkuwa, ndi chitsulo chothira mkuwa. Malinga ndi IEC 61156-5:2020, zingwe za marine Ethernet ziyenera kugwiritsa ntchito ma conductor a mkuwa olimba okhala ndi mainchesi pakati pa 0.4mm ndi 0.65mm. Pamene kufunikira kwa liwiro lalikulu la ma transmission ndi kukhazikika kukukwera, ma conductor otsika monga aluminiyamu ndi aluminiyamu wothira mkuwa akuchotsedwa, ndipo mkuwa wothira mkuwa tsopano ukulamulira msika.
Poyerekeza ndi mkuwa wopanda kanthu, mkuwa wopangidwa m'chitini umapereka kukhazikika kwabwino kwa mankhwala, kukana kukhuthala, dzimbiri la mankhwala, ndi chinyezi kuti ukhale wodalirika.
Ma conductors amabwera m'njira ziwiri: olimba ndi okhazikika. Ma conductors olimba amagwiritsa ntchito waya umodzi wamkuwa, pomwe ma conductors okhazikika amakhala ndi mawaya angapo owonda amkuwa opindika pamodzi. Kusiyana kwakukulu kuli mu magwiridwe antchito a ma transmission - popeza madera akuluakulu opingasa amachepetsa kutayika kwa ma insertion, ma conductors okhazikika amawonetsa kuchepa kwa 20%-50% kuposa olimba. Mipata pakati pa zingwe imawonjezeranso kukana kwa DC.
Zingwe zambiri za Ethernet zimagwiritsa ntchito ma conductor a 23AWG (0.57mm) kapena 24AWG (0.51mm). Ngakhale kuti CAT5E nthawi zambiri imagwiritsa ntchito 24AWG, magulu apamwamba monga CAT6/6A/7/7A nthawi zambiri amafunikira 23AWG kuti agwire bwino ntchito. Komabe, miyezo ya IEC siilamula kuti ma waya azigwiritsidwa ntchito - zingwe za 24AWG zopangidwa bwino zimatha kukwaniritsa zofunikira za CAT6+.
2. Chitsulo Choteteza: Kuteteza Kukhulupirika kwa Chizindikiro
Chitsulo choteteza chimaletsa kutuluka kwa chizindikiro panthawi yotumizira mauthenga. Potsatira miyezo ya IEC 60092-360 ndi GB/T 50311-2016, zingwe zam'madzi nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsa ntchitopolyethylene yochuluka kwambiri (HDPE)kapena thovupolyethylene (thovu la PE). HDPE imapereka kukana kutentha, mphamvu ya makina, komanso kukana kupsinjika kwa chilengedwe, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ikhale yogwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri. PE yokhala ndi thovu imapereka mphamvu zabwino za dielectric, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ikhale yoyenera kwambiri pa zingwe za CAT6A+ zothamanga kwambiri.
3. Cholekanitsa Mtanda: Kuchepetsa Kulankhulana kwa Chizindikiro
Cholekanitsa mtanda (chomwe chimadziwikanso kuti chodzaza mtanda) chapangidwa kuti chilekanitse mawiri anayi opotoka m'magawo osiyana, zomwe zimathandiza kuchepetsa kulankhulana pakati pa mawiri. Kawirikawiri chimapangidwa kuchokera ku zinthu za HDPE zokhala ndi mainchesi ofanana a 0.5mm, gawoli ndi lofunikira kwambiri pa zingwe za Gulu 6 ndi zapamwamba zomwe zimatumiza deta pa 1Gbps kapena mwachangu, chifukwa zingwe izi zimawonetsa kukhudzidwa kwakukulu ndi phokoso la chizindikiro ndipo zimafuna kukana kusokonezedwa kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, zingwe za Gulu 6 ndi zapamwamba zopanda chitetezo cha foil payokha zimaphatikizanso ma filler opotoka kuti alekanitse mawiri anayi opotoka.
Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, zingwe za Gulu 5e ndi zomwe zimagwiritsa ntchito mapangidwe a zojambula zamitundu iwiri sizimayika chodzaza cholumikizira. Kapangidwe ka zingwe za Cat5e zomwe zimapindika kamapereka chitetezo chokwanira cha kusokoneza zomwe zimafunikira pa bandwidth yochepa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pasakhale kufunikira kolekanitsa kwina. Mofananamo, zingwe zokhala ndi zingwe zotetezedwa ndi zojambulazo zimagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu yachilengedwe ya zojambulazo za aluminiyamu kuletsa kusokoneza kwa ma electromagnetic pafupipafupi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chodzaza cholumikiziracho chisakhale chofunikira.
Chida cholimba cha maukonde chimagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri poletsa kutalikirana kwa maukonde komwe kungasokoneze magwiridwe antchito. Opanga maukonde otsogola amagwiritsa ntchito kwambiri fiberglass kapena chingwe cha nayiloni ngati chinthu cholimbitsa maukonde popanga maukonde awo. Zipangizozi zimapereka chitetezo chabwino kwambiri cha makina pomwe zimasunga mawonekedwe a maukonde a chingwecho.
4. Chigoba Choteteza: Chitetezo cha Magetsi
Zigawo zotchingira zimakhala ndi zojambula za aluminiyamu ndi/kapena maukonde oluka kuti atseke EMI. Zingwe zotchingira chimodzi zimagwiritsa ntchito pepala limodzi la aluminiyamu (≥0.012mm wandiweyani ndi ≥20% wolumikizana) komanso pepala la PET mylar kuti lisatuluke. Mitundu yotchingira kawiri imabwera m'mitundu iwiri: SF/UTP (pepala lonse + kuluka) ndi S/FTP (pepala lapayekha + kuluka konse). Choluka cha mkuwa chopangidwa ndi zitini (≥0.5mm waya m'mimba mwake) chimapereka chophimba chomwe chingasinthidwe (nthawi zambiri 45%, 65%, kapena 80%). Malinga ndi IEC 60092-350, zingwe zotchingira chimodzi zimafuna waya wothira madzi kuti ziume, pomwe mitundu yotchingira kawiri imagwiritsa ntchito kuluka kuti zitulutse madzi mosasunthika.
5. Chida Choteteza Zida: Chitetezo cha Makina
Chida choteteza chimalimbikitsa kukana kwa kukanikiza/kuphwanya ndipo chimathandizira kuteteza EMI. Zingwe za m'madzi zimagwiritsa ntchito zida zolukidwa motsatira ISO 7959-2, ndi waya wachitsulo wopangidwa ndi galvanized (GSWB) womwe umapereka mphamvu zambiri komanso kukana kutentha pakugwiritsa ntchito molimbika, pomwe waya wamkuwa wopangidwa ndi zitini (TCWB) umapereka kusinthasintha kwabwino kwa malo opapatiza.
6. Chigoba Chakunja: Chishango Chachilengedwe
Chigoba chakunja chiyenera kukhala chosalala, chozungulira, komanso chochotsedwa popanda kuwononga zigawo zapansi. Miyezo ya DNV imafuna kuti makulidwe (Dt) akhale 0.04×Df (mkati mwake) +0.5mm, ndipo osachepera 0.7mm. Zingwe zam'madzi zimagwiritsa ntchito makamakaLSZH (halogen yopanda utsi wambiri)zipangizo (SHF1/SHF2/SHF2 MUD grades pa IEC 60092-360) zomwe zimachepetsa utsi woopsa panthawi ya moto.
Mapeto
Chingwe chilichonse cha Ethernet cha m'madzi chimagwiritsa ntchito uinjiniya wosamala. Ku OW CABLE, tadzipereka kupititsa patsogolo ukadaulo wa chingwe - musazengereze kukambirana nafe za zosowa zanu!
Nthawi yotumizira: Marichi-25-2025