Pakupanga chingwe cha optical fiber (OFC), kusankha zipangizo zoyenera ndikofunikira kwambiri. Malo osiyanasiyana ogwirira ntchito—monga kuzizira kwambiri, kutentha kwambiri, chinyezi, kuyika panja, kupindika kosalekeza, kapena kuyenda pafupipafupi—kumafuna zinthu zosiyanasiyana pa chingwe cha optical. Pano, tikufotokoza mwachidule zinthu zingapo zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mumakampani, kusanthula momwe zimagwirira ntchito komanso momwe zimagwiritsidwira ntchito kuti zithandize kukonza kapangidwe ka chingwe chanu cha optical fiber komanso kusankha zinthu.
1. PBT (Polybutylene Terephthalate) — Chinthu Chofala Kwambiri pa Machubu Otayirira
PBTNdi chinthu chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popanga machubu otayirira mu zingwe za ulusi wa kuwala. Mapulasitiki wamba a chingwe nthawi zambiri amakhala ofooka kutentha kochepa ndipo amafewa kutentha kwambiri. PBT yosinthidwa, mwachitsanzo yokhala ndi zigawo zosinthika za unyolo, imakulitsa kwambiri kukana kutentha kochepa ndipo imatha kukwaniritsa zofunikira mpaka -40°C. Kuphatikiza apo, PBT imapereka kulimba kwabwino komanso kukhazikika kwa mawonekedwe kutentha kwambiri, kuonetsetsa kuti ulusiwo utetezedwa bwino ndi kutentha kwambiri. Kugwira ntchito kwake moyenera, mtengo wake wokwanira, komanso kusinthasintha kwake kumapangitsa kuti ikhale chisankho chachizolowezi cha zingwe zolumikizirana zakunja, zingwe zazitali, ndi kapangidwe ka zingwe za ADSS.
2. PP (Polypropylene) — Kulimba Kwambiri Kotsika Kwambiri ndi Kukana Kuthira Madzi
PP yatchuka kwambiri mu zipangizo za chingwe cha kuwala chifukwa cha kulimba kwake kotsika kutentha, komwe kumaletsa ming'alu m'malo ozizira kwambiri. Kukana kwake hydrolysis kulinso kwabwino kuposa PBT, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ikhale yoyenera m'malo okhala ndi chinyezi kapena madzi ambiri. Komabe, PP ili ndi modulus yotsika pang'ono komanso kulimba poyerekeza ndi PBT, kotero kugwiritsa ntchito kwake kuyenera kuganizira kapangidwe ka chingwecho. Mwachitsanzo, zingwe zopepuka, zingwe zosakanikirana zamkati ndi zakunja, kapena zomangamanga zamachubu otayirira zomwe zimafuna kusinthasintha kwakukulu zingasankhe PP ngati njira ina.
3. LSZH (Low Smoke Zero Halogen) — Chingwe Chopangidwa ndi Mainstream Chosawononga Zachilengedwe
LSZHNdi chinthu chogwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popanga jekete la chingwe choteteza chilengedwe. Mapangidwe apamwamba a LSZH, omwe amapangidwa kudzera mu makina apadera a polima ndi ukadaulo wodzaza, amatha kukwaniritsa zofunikira pa kutentha kochepa kwa -40°C ndikugwiritsa ntchito nthawi yayitali pa 85°C. Pakagwa moto, LSZH imatulutsa utsi wochepa komanso mpweya wopanda halogen, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zingwe zamkati, zingwe za data center, komanso mawaya a malo ogwirira ntchito za anthu onse zitetezeke. Imaperekanso kukana bwino kupsinjika kwa chilengedwe komanso dzimbiri la mankhwala, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ikhale chisankho chosiyanasiyana cha majekete a chingwe amkati ndi akunja.
4. TPU (Thermoplastic Polyurethane) — “Mfumu” ya Kusinthasintha Kotsika kwa Kutentha ndi Kukana Kutupa
TPU imadziwika chifukwa cha kusinthasintha kwake komanso kulimba kwake pa kutentha kochepa kwambiri. Mosiyana ndi PVC, TPU imakhala yofewa kwambiri ndipo siisweka. Imakhalanso ndi kukana kusweka, mafuta, ndi kung'ambika kwabwino, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ikhale yoyenera kusuntha zingwe, kuphatikizapo zingwe zokoka, zingwe zamagalimoto, zingwe zamigodi, zingwe za robotic, ndi ntchito zodziyimira pawokha zamafakitale. Dziwani kuti kukana kutentha kwambiri ndi hydrolysis ya TPU kumadalira mtundu wake, kotero kusankha mitundu yapamwamba ndikofunikira.
5. PVC (Polyvinyl Chloride) — Chosankha cha Chingwe Chotsika Mtengo Chokhala ndi Zoletsa Zotentha Zochepa
PVC ikugwiritsidwabe ntchito pa zingwe zina za kuwala chifukwa cha mtengo wake wotsika komanso kusavuta kuigwiritsa ntchito. Komabe, PVC yokhazikika imalimba ndipo imatha kusweka pansi pa -10°C, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti isagwiritsidwe ntchito bwino pa nthawi yozizira kwambiri. PVC yotsika kutentha kapena yosazizira imatha kuchepetsa kutentha kwa kusintha kwa galasi kudzera mu mapulasitiki, koma izi zitha kuwononga mphamvu ya makina komanso kukana kukalamba. Chifukwa chake PVC ndi yoyenera kwambiri pamapulojekiti omwe amawononga ndalama zambiri m'malo okhazikika, monga kukhazikitsa m'nyumba wamba kapena kukhazikitsa zingwe kwakanthawi.
6. TPV (Thermoplastic Vulcanizate) — Kuphatikiza Kutanuka kwa Mphira ndi Kutha Kukonza Pulasitiki
TPV imaphatikiza kusinthasintha kwa mphira ndi kusinthasintha kwa pulasitiki. Imapereka kukana bwino kwambiri kutentha kwambiri komanso kotsika, komanso kukana kwabwino kwa nyengo ndi ozone. Kusinthasintha ndi kulimba kwa TPV kumapangitsa kuti ikhale yoyenera kugwiritsa ntchito zingwe zowunikira zakunja, mawaya amagalimoto, ndi zingwe zosinthasintha. Monga chinthu, TPV imalinganiza bwino mawonekedwe a TPU ndi PVC, kupereka kusinthasintha kwabwino kwa kapangidwe kake komanso kulimba kwa chilengedwe.
7. XLPE (Polyethylene Yolumikizidwa) — Zipangizo Zotetezera Kutentha Kwambiri za Zingwe Zowunikira ndi Zamagetsi
XLPE, kudzera mu crosslinking, imawonjezera kukana kutentha ndipo imatha kugwira ntchito mosalekeza pamwamba pa 90°C. Imaperekanso mphamvu yapamwamba yamakina komanso kukana kupsinjika. Ngakhale XLPE imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri poteteza chingwe chamagetsi (monga, 1kV–35kV), nthawi zina imagwiritsidwa ntchito mu zingwe zamagetsi kuti zigwiritsidwe ntchito polimbitsa kapena kutentha kwambiri. Mphamvu zake zotentha komanso zamagetsi zimapangitsa kuti ikhale yoyenera zingwe zapadera zamagetsi m'malo ovuta.
Kusankha Zipangizo za Jacket ya Optical Cable — Zochitika Zogwiritsira Ntchito Ndi Zofunika Kwambiri
Kusankha zipangizo zoyenera za chingwe chowunikira kumafuna zambiri kuposa kungoyang'ana deta yaukadaulo; kuyeneranso kuganizira zochitika zenizeni zogwiritsira ntchito:
Kukhazikitsa Kokhazikika (kunja, duct, aerial): LSZH, TPV, XLPE
Mapulogalamu Osuntha (maunyolo okoka, maloboti, magalimoto, migodi): TPU
Kuzizira Kwambiri (-40°C kapena pansi): PBT Yosinthidwa, PP, TPU
Kulumikiza Mawaya M'nyumba, Kugwiritsa Ntchito Mwachizolowezi, Ntchito Zofunika Kwambiri: PVC (yomwe imalimbikitsidwa kokha pazifukwa zinazake)
Palibe njira "yofanana" yogwiritsira ntchito zipangizo zamagetsi. Kusankha kuyenera kutengera kuwunika kwathunthu kwa kapangidwe ka chingwe, momwe chimayikidwira, bajeti, komanso kudalirika kwa nthawi yayitali.
Nthawi yotumizira: Novembala-20-2025