M'zaka zaposachedwa, makampani opanga magetsi ku China apita patsogolo mwachangu, akupita patsogolo kwambiri paukadaulo ndi kasamalidwe. Zopambana monga ultra-high voltage and supercritical technologies zayika China kukhala mtsogoleri wapadziko lonse lapansi. Kupita patsogolo kwakukulu kwapangidwa kuyambira pakukonzekera kapena kumanga komanso kuwongolera magwiridwe antchito ndi kukonza.
Momwe mafakitale aku China amagetsi, mafuta, mankhwala, zoyendera njanji zamatawuni, magalimoto, ndi zomanga zombo zakulirakulira, makamaka ndi kufulumira kwa kusintha kwa gridi, kuyambitsa motsatizana kwa mapulojekiti okwera kwambiri, komanso kusintha kwapadziko lonse lapansi kupanga mawaya ndi zingwe kupita ku Dera la Asia-Pacific lokhazikika mozungulira China, msika wamawaya apanyumba ndi zingwe wakula mwachangu.
Gawo lopanga mawaya ndi zingwe lakhala lalikulu kwambiri pakati pa magawo makumi awiri amakampani amagetsi ndi zamagetsi, zomwe zimawerengera gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a gawoli.
I. Gawo Lachitukuko cha Mawaya ndi Chingwe
Kusintha kosawoneka bwino pakukula kwamakampani aku China pazaka zaposachedwa kukuwonetsa kusintha kuchokera pakukula mwachangu kupita ku kukhwima:
- Kukhazikika kwa kufunikira kwa msika komanso kutsika kwakukula kwamakampani, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale chizolowezi chokhazikika pakupanga njira ndi njira zanthawi zonse, ndiukadaulo wocheperako wosokoneza kapena wosintha.
- Kuyang'anira mosamalitsa kochitidwa ndi maulamuliro ofunikira, komanso kutsindika pakukweza kwabwino komanso kukulitsa mtundu, kumabweretsa zolimbikitsa zamsika.
- Kuphatikizika kwazinthu zazikulu zakunja ndi zamkati zamakampani zapangitsa mabizinesi omwe amatsatira malamulowo kuti ayambe kuyika patsogolo mtundu ndi mtundu, kuwonetsa bwino momwe chuma chikuyendera m'gawoli.
- Zofunikira pakulowa mumakampani, zovuta zaukadaulo, komanso kuchulukira kwa ndalama zawonjezeka, zomwe zidapangitsa kuti mabizinesi asiyanitse. Zotsatira za Matthew zawonekera pakati pamakampani otsogola, ndikukwera kwamakampani ofooka omwe akutuluka pamsika komanso kuchepa kwa omwe adalowa kumene. Kuphatikiza kwamakampani ndi kukonzanso kukukula kwambiri.
- Malinga ndi zomwe zatsatiridwa ndikuwunikidwa, kuchuluka kwa ndalama zamakampani omwe ali ndi chingwe pamakampani onse akuchulukirachulukira chaka ndi chaka.
- M'mafakitale apadera omwe amathandizira kuti pakhale pakati, atsogoleri amakampani sakungokumana ndi kutukuka kwa msika, koma mpikisano wawo wapadziko lonse lapansi wakulanso.
II. Zosintha Zachitukuko
Kuthekera kwa Msika
Mu 2022, kuchuluka kwa magetsi padziko lonse lapansi kudafikira ma kilowatt-maola 863.72 biliyoni, zomwe zikuyimira kukula kwa chaka ndi 3.6%.
Kugawanika kwa mafakitale:
- Kugwiritsa ntchito magetsi pamakampani oyambira: 114.6 biliyoni kilowatt-maola, kukwera ndi 10.4%.
- Kugwiritsa ntchito magetsi kwamakampani achiwiri: 57,001 biliyoni kilowatt-maola, kukwera ndi 1.2%.
- Kugwiritsa ntchito magetsi kumakampani apamwamba: 14,859 biliyoni kilowatt-maola, kukwera ndi 4.4%.
- Kugwiritsa ntchito magetsi kwa anthu akumidzi ndi akumidzi: 13,366 biliyoni kilowatt-maola, kukwera ndi 13.8%.
Pofika kumapeto kwa Disembala 2022, mphamvu zopangira magetsi mdziko muno zidafika pafupifupi ma kilowati 2.56 biliyoni, zomwe zikuwonetsa kukula kwa chaka ndi 7.8%.
Mu 2022, mphamvu zonse zoyika mphamvu zowonjezera zidapitilira ma kilowatts 1.2 biliyoni, okhala ndi magetsi amadzi, mphamvu yamphepo, mphamvu yadzuwa, ndi kupanga magetsi a biomass zonse zidakhala zotsogola padziko lonse lapansi.
Mwachindunji, mphamvu ya mphamvu ya mphepo inali pafupi ma kilowati 370 miliyoni, kukwera ndi 11.2% chaka ndi chaka, pamene mphamvu ya dzuwa inali pafupi ma kilowatts 390 miliyoni, kuwonjezeka kwa chaka ndi 28.1%.
Kuthekera kwa Msika
Mu 2022, kuchuluka kwa magetsi padziko lonse lapansi kudafikira ma kilowatt-maola 863.72 biliyoni, zomwe zikuyimira kukula kwa chaka ndi 3.6%.
Kugawanika kwa mafakitale:
- Kugwiritsa ntchito magetsi pamakampani oyambira: 114.6 biliyoni kilowatt-maola, kukwera ndi 10.4%.
- Kugwiritsa ntchito magetsi kwamakampani achiwiri: 57,001 biliyoni kilowatt-maola, kukwera ndi 1.2%.
- Kugwiritsa ntchito magetsi kumakampani apamwamba: 14,859 biliyoni kilowatt-maola, kukwera ndi 4.4%.
- Kugwiritsa ntchito magetsi kwa anthu akumidzi ndi akumidzi: 13,366 biliyoni kilowatt-maola, kukwera ndi 13.8%.
Pofika kumapeto kwa Disembala 2022, mphamvu zopangira magetsi mdziko muno zidafika pafupifupi ma kilowati 2.56 biliyoni, zomwe zikuwonetsa kukula kwa chaka ndi 7.8%.
Mu 2022, mphamvu zonse zoyika mphamvu zowonjezera zidapitilira ma kilowatts 1.2 biliyoni, okhala ndi magetsi amadzi, mphamvu yamphepo, mphamvu yadzuwa, ndi kupanga magetsi a biomass zonse zidakhala zotsogola padziko lonse lapansi.
Mwachindunji, mphamvu ya mphamvu ya mphepo inali pafupi ma kilowati 370 miliyoni, kukwera ndi 11.2% chaka ndi chaka, pamene mphamvu ya dzuwa inali pafupi ma kilowatts 390 miliyoni, kuwonjezeka kwa chaka ndi 28.1%.
Investment Status
Mu 2022, ndalama zomanga ma gridi zidafika pa 501.2 biliyoni ya yuan, kuwonjezeka kwa chaka ndi 2.0%.
Makampani akuluakulu opanga magetsi m'dziko lonselo adamaliza ntchito yomanga magetsi okwana 720.8 biliyoni, zomwe zikuwonetsa kuwonjezeka kwa chaka ndi 22.8%. Mwa izi, ndalama zopangira magetsi opangira madzi zinali 86.3 biliyoni ya yuan, kutsika ndi 26.5% chaka chilichonse; matenthedwe mphamvu ndalama anali 90,9 biliyoni yuan, kukwera ndi 28.4% chaka pa chaka; ndalama za nyukiliya zinali 67.7 biliyoni yuan, kukwera ndi 25.7% chaka ndi chaka.
M'zaka zaposachedwa, motsogozedwa ndi "Belt and Road", China yakulitsa kwambiri ndalama zake mumphamvu zaku Africa, zomwe zapangitsa kuti mgwirizano wa Sino-Africa ukhale wokulirapo komanso kutulutsa mwayi watsopano womwe sunachitikepo. Komabe, zoyesererazi zimaphatikizaponso nkhani zambiri zandale, zachuma, ndi chikhalidwe cha anthu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale zoopsa zosiyanasiyana.
Market Outlook
Pakalipano, madipatimenti oyenerera apereka zolinga za "14th Five-year Plan" mu mphamvu ndi chitukuko cha mphamvu, komanso "Internet +" dongosolo lamphamvu lamagetsi. Malangizo opangira ma gridi anzeru ndi mapulani osintha ma network aperekedwanso.
Mfundo zazikuluzikulu zazachuma ku China zomwe zakhala zikuchitika kwanthawi yayitali sizisintha, zomwe zimadziwika ndi kukhazikika pazachuma, kuthekera kokulirapo, malo okwanira owongolera, kuthandizira kukula kosalekeza, komanso njira yopititsira patsogolo kusintha kwachuma.
Pofika chaka cha 2023, mphamvu yopangira magetsi ku China ikuyembekezeka kufika ma kilowatts 2.55 biliyoni, kukwera mpaka ma kilowatt-maola 2.8 biliyoni pofika 2025.
Kuwunika kukuwonetsa kuti mafakitale aku China akukula mwachangu m'zaka zaposachedwa, ndikuwonjezeka kwakukulu kwamakampani. Mothandizidwa ndi zamakono zamakono monga 5G ndi Internet of Things (IoT), makampani opanga magetsi ku China alowa gawo latsopano la kusintha ndi kukweza.
Zovuta Zachitukuko
Chitukuko chosiyanasiyana cha China pamakampani atsopano amagetsi chikuwonekera, ndi mphamvu zamphepo zakale ndi zoyambira za photovoltaic zomwe zimakhazikika ndikusunga mphamvu, mphamvu ya haidrojeni, ndi magawo ena, ndikupanga mawonekedwe owonjezera amagetsi ambiri. Mulingo wonse wamagetsi opangira magetsi opangidwa ndi madzi siakulu, makamaka amayang'ana kwambiri malo opangira magetsi opopera, pomwe kumanga gridi yamagetsi m'dziko lonselo kukuwonetsa kukula kwatsopano.
Kukula kwamphamvu ku China kwalowa munthawi yovuta kwambiri yosinthira njira, kusintha kamangidwe, ndikusintha magwero amagetsi. Ngakhale kusintha kwamphamvu kwamphamvu kwapita patsogolo kwambiri, gawo lomwe likubwera la kukonzanso lidzakumana ndi zovuta zazikulu komanso zopinga zazikulu.
Ndi kukula kwamphamvu kwa magetsi ku China ndi kusinthika kosalekeza ndi kukweza, kukula kwakukulu kwa gridi yamagetsi, kuwonjezereka kwa magetsi, kuchuluka kwa mphamvu zopangira mphamvu zazikulu komanso zopangira magetsi, komanso kuphatikiza kwakukulu kwa magetsi opangira mphamvu zatsopano. grid zonse zimatsogolera ku kasinthidwe kovutirapo kwa dongosolo lamagetsi ndi magwiridwe antchito.
Makamaka, kuwonjezeka kwa zoopsa zomwe sizinali zachikhalidwe zomwe zimadza chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito matekinoloje atsopano monga ukadaulo wazidziwitso zakweza zofunikira pakutha kwadongosolo, kuthekera kosinthira, ndi kuthekera kosintha, zomwe zikuwonetsa zovuta zazikulu pakugwirira ntchito kotetezeka komanso kokhazikika kwa mphamvu. dongosolo.
Nthawi yotumiza: Sep-01-2023