Tikudziwa kuti zingwe zosiyanasiyana zimakhala ndi magwiridwe antchito osiyanasiyana motero zimakhala ndi mapangidwe osiyanasiyana. Nthawi zambiri, chingwe chimapangidwa ndi kondakitala, gawo loteteza, gawo loteteza, gawo la chivundikiro, ndi gawo la chitetezo. Kutengera ndi makhalidwe ake, kapangidwe kake kamasiyana. Komabe, anthu ambiri sadziwa bwino kusiyana pakati pa zigawo zoteteza, zoteteza, ndi zigawo za chivundikiro m'zingwe. Tiyeni tigawane mwachidule kuti timvetse bwino.
(1) Chigawo Chotetezera Kutentha
Chingwe choteteza kutentha chomwe chili mu chingwe chimapereka chitetezo pakati pa kondakitala ndi malo ozungulira kapena ma kondakitala oyandikana nawo. Chimaonetsetsa kuti magetsi, mafunde amagetsi, kapena zizindikiro zowala zomwe zimanyamulidwa ndi kondakitala zimangotumizidwa kudzera mu kondakitala popanda kutuluka kunja, komanso kuteteza zinthu zakunja ndi antchito. Kugwira ntchito kwa kondakitala kumatsimikizira mwachindunji mphamvu yamagetsi yomwe chingwecho chingathe kupirira komanso nthawi yake yogwirira ntchito, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chikhale chimodzi mwa zigawo zazikulu za chingwecho.
Zipangizo zotetezera mawaya nthawi zambiri zimatha kugawidwa m'zigawo ziwiri: zipangizo zotetezera mawaya apulasitiki ndi zipangizo zotetezera mawaya a rabara. Zingwe zamagetsi zotetezera mawaya apulasitiki, monga momwe dzinalo likusonyezera, zimakhala ndi zigawo zotetezera mawaya zopangidwa ndi pulasitiki yotulutsidwa. Mapulasitiki ofala kwambiri ndi monga Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC), Polyethylene (PE),Polyethylene Yolumikizidwa ndi Mtanda (XLPE), ndi Low Smoke Zero Halogen (LSZH). Pakati pawo, XLPE imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu zingwe zapakati ndi zapamwamba chifukwa cha mphamvu zake zamagetsi ndi makina abwino kwambiri, komanso kukana kutentha kwambiri komanso magwiridwe antchito a dielectric.
Zingwe zamagetsi zotetezedwa ndi rabara, kumbali ina, zimapangidwa kuchokera ku rabara wosakaniza ndi zowonjezera zosiyanasiyana ndikusinthidwa kukhala chotenthetsera. Zipangizo zodziwika bwino zotetezera rabara zimaphatikizapo zosakaniza zachilengedwe za rabara-styrene, EPDM (Ethylene Propylene Diene Monomer rabara), ndi rabara ya butyl. Zipangizozi ndizosinthasintha komanso zotanuka, zoyenera kuyenda pafupipafupi komanso pang'ono. Mu ntchito monga migodi, zombo, ndi madoko, komwe kukana kukwawa, kukana mafuta, ndi kusinthasintha ndikofunikira kwambiri, zingwe zotetezedwa ndi rabara zimakhala ndi gawo losasinthika.
(2) Chigoba cha m'chimake
Chigoba cha chigobachi chimalola zingwe kuti zigwirizane ndi malo osiyanasiyana ogwiritsira ntchito. Chogwiritsidwa ntchito pamwamba pa chigoba choteteza kutentha, ntchito yake yayikulu ndikuteteza zigawo zamkati mwa chingwe ku kuwonongeka kwa makina ndi dzimbiri la mankhwala, komanso kuwonjezera mphamvu ya makina a chingwe, kupereka kukana kwa kukanikiza ndi kukanikiza. Chigobachi chimatsimikizira kuti chingwecho chimatetezedwa ku kupsinjika kwa makina ndi zinthu zachilengedwe monga madzi, kuwala kwa dzuwa, dzimbiri lachilengedwe, ndi moto, motero kusunga magwiridwe antchito amagetsi okhazikika kwa nthawi yayitali. Ubwino wa chigobachi umakhudza mwachindunji moyo wa ntchito ya chingwe.
Chigawo cha chipolopolocho chimaperekanso kukana moto, kukana malawi, kukana mafuta, kukana asidi ndi alkali, komanso kukana UV. Kutengera ndi momwe chimagwiritsidwira ntchito, zigawo za chipolopolocho zitha kugawidwa m'magulu atatu akuluakulu: zipolopolo zachitsulo (kuphatikiza chipolopolo chakunja), zipolopolo za rabara/pulasitiki, ndi zipolopolo zamitundu yosiyanasiyana. Zipolopolo za rabara/pulasitiki ndi zipolopolo zamitundu yosiyanasiyana sizimangoteteza kuwonongeka kwa makina komanso zimaperekanso chitetezo cha madzi, kukana malawi, kukana moto, komanso kukana dzimbiri. M'malo ovuta monga chinyezi chambiri, ngalande zapansi panthaka, ndi zomera za mankhwala, magwiridwe antchito a chipolopolocho ndi ofunikira kwambiri. Zipangizo zapamwamba kwambiri za chipolopolo sizimangowonjezera nthawi yogwira ntchito ya chingwe komanso zimawonjezera chitetezo ndi kudalirika panthawi yogwira ntchito.
(3) Chigoba Choteteza
Chingwe chotchingira mu chingwe chimagawidwa m'zigawo ziwiri: zotchingira mkati ndi zakunja. Zigawo zimenezi zimatsimikizira kuti kondakitala ndi chotchingira zimalumikizana bwino, komanso pakati pa chotchingira ndi chipolopolo chamkati, zomwe zimathandiza kuti mphamvu yamagetsi ya pamwamba ikhale yowonjezereka chifukwa cha malo ouma a makondakitala kapena zigawo zamkati. Zingwe zamagetsi zapakati ndi zapamwamba nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi zotchingira komanso zotchingira, pomwe zingwe zina zamagetsi otsika sizingakhale ndi zigawo zotchingira.
Zotchingira zitha kukhala zotchingira zoyendetsa pang'onopang'ono kapena zotchingira zachitsulo. Mitundu yodziwika bwino ya zotchingira zachitsulo imaphatikizapo kukulunga tepi yamkuwa, kuluka waya wamkuwa, ndi kukulunga tepi yolumikizidwa ndi foil ya aluminium-polyester. Zingwe zotchingira nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsa ntchito zomangamanga monga zotchingira ziwiri zopindika, zotchingira gulu, kapena zotchingira zonse. Mapangidwe oterewa amapereka kutayika kochepa kwa dielectric, mphamvu yotumizira ma transmission, komanso magwiridwe antchito abwino kwambiri oletsa kusokonezedwa, zomwe zimathandiza kutumiza zizindikiro zofooka za analog komanso kukana kusokonezedwa kwamphamvu kwa ma elekitiroma m'malo opangira mafakitale. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popanga magetsi, zitsulo, mafuta, mankhwala, mayendedwe a sitima, ndi makina owongolera kupanga okha.
Ponena za zipangizo zotetezera, zotetezera mkati nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsa ntchito mapepala achitsulo kapena zinthu zoyendetsera mpweya, pomwe zotetezera zakunja zingakhale ndi tepi ya mkuwa kapena waya wa mkuwa. Zipangizo zolumikizira nthawi zambiri zimakhala zamkuwa zopanda kanthu kapena zamkuwa zophimbidwa ndi zitini, ndipo nthawi zina mawaya amkuwa opangidwa ndi siliva kuti azitha kukana dzimbiri komanso kuyendetsa bwino magetsi. Kapangidwe koteteza kopangidwa bwino sikuti kamangowonjezera magwiridwe antchito amagetsi a zingwe komanso kumachepetsa bwino kusokoneza kwa ma radiation amagetsi ku zida zapafupi. Masiku ano malo omwe ali ndi magetsi ambiri komanso oyendetsedwa ndi chidziwitso, kufunika kwa zotetezera kukuchulukirachulukira.
Pomaliza, izi ndi kusiyana ndi ntchito za kutchinjiriza mawaya, zotchingira, ndi zigawo za m'chimake. ONE WORLD ikukumbutsa aliyense kuti mawaya amagwirizana kwambiri ndi chitetezo cha moyo ndi katundu. Mawaya osakwanira sayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito; nthawi zonse amachokera kwa opanga mawaya odziwika bwino.
ONE WORLD imayang'ana kwambiri pakupereka zipangizo zopangira zingwe ndipo yadzipereka kupatsa makasitomala mayankho apamwamba kwambiri. Zogulitsa zathu zimaphatikizapo zinthu zosiyanasiyana zotetezera kutentha, chidebe, ndi zotetezera, monga XLPE, PVC, LSZH, Aluminium Foil Mylar Tape, Copper Tape,Tepi ya Mica, ndi zina zambiri. Ndi khalidwe lokhazikika komanso ntchito yonse, timapereka chithandizo cholimba pakupanga zingwe padziko lonse lapansi.
Nthawi yotumizira: Ogasiti-20-2025