Tikudziwa kuti zingwe zosiyana zimakhala ndi machitidwe osiyanasiyana ndipo motero zimakhala zosiyana. Nthawi zambiri, chingwe chimapangidwa ndi kondakitala, shielding layer, insulation layer, sheath layer, ndi zida zankhondo. Kutengera ndi mawonekedwe, kapangidwe kake kamasiyana. Komabe, anthu ambiri samamvetsetsa bwino kusiyana pakati pa zotchingira, zotchingira, ndi zingwe za sheath. Tiyeni tiwaphwanye kuti timvetsetse bwino.
(1) Insulation Layer
Kuyika kwazitsulo mu chingwe makamaka kumapereka kutsekemera pakati pa kondakitala ndi malo ozungulira kapena oyandikana nawo. Imawonetsetsa kuti mafunde amagetsi, mafunde amagetsi, kapena ma siginecha owoneka omwe amatengedwa ndi kondakitala amangotumizidwa ndi kondakitala popanda kutuluka kunja, ndikutetezanso zinthu zakunja ndi ogwira ntchito. Kuchita kwa kusungunula kumatsimikizira mwachindunji mphamvu yamagetsi yomwe chingwe chingathe kupirira komanso moyo wake wautumiki, ndikupangitsa kuti ikhale imodzi mwa zigawo zikuluzikulu za chingwe.
Zipangizo zotchinjiriza ma chingwe nthawi zambiri zimatha kugawidwa muzinthu zotchinjiriza za pulasitiki ndi zida zotchinjiriza labala. Zingwe zamagetsi zotchingira pulasitiki, monga momwe dzinalo likusonyezera, zimakhala ndi zigawo zotchingira zopangidwa ndi mapulasitiki otuluka. Mapulasitiki wamba akuphatikizapo Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC), Polyethylene (PE),Cross-Linked Polyethylene (XLPE), ndi Utsi Wotsika Zero Halogen (LSZH). Pakati pawo, XLPE imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pazingwe zapakatikati ndi zamphamvu kwambiri chifukwa champhamvu zake zamagetsi komanso zamakina, komanso kukana kukalamba kwapamwamba komanso magwiridwe antchito a dielectric.
Komano, zingwe zamphamvu zotchingira mphira zimapangidwa kuchokera ku mphira wosakanizidwa ndi zowonjezera zosiyanasiyana ndikusinthidwa kukhala zotsekereza. Zida zodziwika bwino zotchinjiriza mphira zimaphatikizapo zosakaniza zachilengedwe za rabara-styrene, EPDM (rabala ya Ethylene Propylene Diene Monomer), ndi rabala ya butyl. Zidazi zimasinthasintha komanso zotanuka, zoyenera kuyenda pafupipafupi komanso ma radius ang'onoang'ono opindika. M'magwiritsidwe ntchito monga migodi, zombo, ndi madoko, komwe kukana ma abrasion, kukana kwamafuta, komanso kusinthasintha ndikofunikira, zingwe zotsekera mphira zimagwira ntchito yosasinthika.
(2) Chigawo cha m’chimake
Chigawo cha sheath chimathandizira zingwe kuti zigwirizane ndi malo osiyanasiyana ogwiritsira ntchito. Kugwiritsidwa ntchito pazitsulo zotsekemera, ntchito yake yaikulu ndikuteteza zigawo zamkati za chingwe kuti zisawonongeke ndi makina ndi kuwonongeka kwa mankhwala, komanso kupititsa patsogolo mphamvu zamakina a chingwe, kupereka mphamvu ndi kukakamiza. Sheath imawonetsetsa kuti chingwecho chimatetezedwa ku zovuta zamakina komanso zinthu zachilengedwe monga madzi, kuwala kwa dzuwa, dzimbiri zamoyo, ndi moto, potero zimasunga magetsi okhazikika kwanthawi yayitali. Ubwino wa sheath umakhudza mwachindunji moyo wautumiki wa chingwe.
Chosanjikiza cha sheath chimaperekanso kukana moto, kuchedwa kwamoto, kukana mafuta, kukana kwa asidi ndi alkali, komanso kukana kwa UV. Kutengera ndikugwiritsa ntchito, zigawo za sheath zitha kugawidwa m'mitundu itatu ikuluikulu: zitsulo zachitsulo (kuphatikiza sheath yakunja), mphira / pulasitiki, ndi zophatikiza. Zopangira mphira / pulasitiki ndi zophatikizika sizimangoteteza kuwonongeka kwa makina komanso zimateteza madzi, kuchedwa kwamoto, kukana moto, komanso kukana dzimbiri. M'malo ovuta kwambiri monga chinyezi chambiri, ngalande zapansi panthaka, ndi zomera zamankhwala, magwiridwe antchito a sheath ndi kofunika kwambiri. Zida zapamwamba za sheath sizimangowonjezera moyo wautumiki wa chingwe komanso zimawonjezera chitetezo ndi kudalirika panthawi yogwira ntchito.
(3) Chishango Chotchinga
Chotchinga chotchinga mu chingwe chimagawidwa kukhala chotchinga chamkati ndi chakunja. zigawo izi kuonetsetsa kukhudzana wabwino pakati kondakitala ndi kutchinjiriza, komanso pakati kutchinjiriza ndi m'chimake chamkati, kuthetsa kuchuluka padziko magetsi kumunda mwamphamvu chifukwa cha akhakula pamwamba kondakitala kapena zigawo zamkati. Zingwe zamagetsi zapakati komanso zamphamvu kwambiri nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi zotchingira zotchingira ndi zotchingira, pomwe zingwe zina zotsika mphamvu sizikhala ndi zigawo zotchingira.
Kutchinga kumatha kukhala kotchinga kopitilira muyeso kapena kutchinga kwachitsulo. Mitundu yodzitchinjiriza yachitsulo yodziwika bwino imaphatikizanso kukulunga kwa tepi yamkuwa, kuluka kwa waya wamkuwa, ndi kukulunga kwa aluminiyamu-polyester composite tepi longitudinal. Zingwe zotchinga nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsa ntchito zinthu monga zotchingira ziwiri zopotoka, zotchingira gulu, kapena zotchingira zonse. Mapangidwe oterowo amapereka kutayika kwa dielectric kochepa, mphamvu yotumizira mwamphamvu, komanso magwiridwe antchito abwino kwambiri oletsa kusokoneza, kupangitsa kufalitsa kodalirika kwa ma siginecha ofooka a analogi ndikukana kusokoneza kwamphamvu kwa ma elekitiroma m'malo a mafakitale. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popanga magetsi, zitsulo, mafuta, mafakitale amafuta, zoyendera njanji, ndi makina owongolera opanga.
Ponena za zida zodzitchinjiriza, zotchingira zamkati nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsa ntchito mapepala opangidwa ndi zitsulo kapena zida zopangira semi-conductive, pomwe chitetezo chakunja chimatha kukhala ndi kukulunga kwa tepi yamkuwa kapena kuluka waya wamkuwa. Zida zolukira nthawi zambiri zimakhala zopanda mkuwa kapena zamkuwa, ndipo nthawi zina mawaya amkuwa opangidwa ndi siliva kuti apititse patsogolo kukhazikika kwa dzimbiri. Kapangidwe kachitetezo kopangidwa bwino sikumangowonjezera magwiridwe antchito amagetsi pazingwe komanso kumachepetsa kusokoneza kwa ma radiation pazida zapafupi. M'madera amasiku ano omwe ali ndi magetsi kwambiri komanso oyendetsedwa ndi chidziwitso, kufunikira kwachitetezo kukuchulukirachulukira.
Pomaliza, izi ndizosiyana ndi ntchito za kutsekereza chingwe, kutchingira, ndi zigawo za sheath. DZIKO limodzi limakumbutsa aliyense kuti zingwe zimagwirizana kwambiri ndi moyo ndi chitetezo cha katundu. Zingwe zosavomerezeka siziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito; nthawi zonse kuchokera kwa opanga zingwe odalirika.
DZIKO LAPANSI limayang'ana kwambiri popereka zida zopangira zingwe ndipo likudzipereka kupatsa makasitomala mayankho apamwamba kwambiri. Zogulitsa zathu zimaphimba zinthu zosiyanasiyana zotchinjiriza, sheath, ndi zotchingira, monga XLPE, PVC, LSZH, Aluminium Foil Mylar Tape, Tepi Yamkuwa,Mica Tape, ndi zina. Ndi khalidwe lokhazikika komanso ntchito zonse, timapereka chithandizo cholimba pakupanga chingwe padziko lonse lapansi.
Nthawi yotumiza: Aug-20-2025