M'madera omwe ali ndi ayezi ndi chipale chofewa, kusankha chingwe chimodzi kungakhudze chitetezo ndi kukhazikika kwa makina onse amagetsi. M'nyengo yozizira kwambiri, zingwe zokhazikika za PVC ndi PVC sheath zimatha kusweka, kusweka mosavuta, ndikuchepetsa magwiridwe antchito amagetsi, zomwe zingayambitse kulephera kapena zoopsa zachitetezo. Malinga ndi Power Engineering Cable Design Standard, madera omwe kutentha kwake kuli pansi pa -15°C pachaka amafunika zingwe zotenthetsera pang'ono, pomwe madera omwe ali pansi pa -25°C amafunika zingwe zamagetsi zopangidwa mwapadera zoteteza kuzizira, zingwe zotetezedwa, kapena zingwe zotetezedwa ndi tepi yachitsulo.
1. Zotsatira za Chimfine Chachikulu pa Zingwe
Zingwe zomwe zimakhala ndi kutentha kochepa zimakumana ndi mavuto ambiri. Vuto lalikulu kwambiri ndi kusweka kwa zingwe zomwe zimakhala ndi kutentha kochepa. Zingwe zamagetsi zomwe zimakhala ndi PVC zimataya kusinthasintha, zimasweka zikapindika, ndipo zimatha kulephera kukwaniritsa zofunikira za malo ovuta. Zipangizo zotetezera kutentha, makamaka PVC, zimatha kuwonongeka, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale zolakwika zotumizira ma signal kapena kutayikira kwa magetsi. Zingwe zotetezedwa, kuphatikizapo zingwe zotetezedwa ndi tepi yachitsulo, zimafuna kutentha koyikika pamwamba pa -10°C, pomwe zingwe zamagetsi zomwe sizili ndi zida zimakhala ndi zofunikira kwambiri.XLPEZingwe zotetezedwa ndi insulation, zingwe zophimbidwa ndi PE, ndi zingwe zophimbidwa ndi LSZH ziyenera kukonzedwa kale pamalo otentha kwa maola osachepera 24 pa ≥15°C musanayike kuti zigwire bwino ntchito.
2. Kumvetsetsa Ma Code a Chingwe
Kusankha chingwe choyenera kumayamba ndi kumvetsetsa code yake ya chitsanzo, yomwe imasonyeza mtundu wa chingwe, zinthu zoyendetsera, chotenthetsera, chivundikiro chamkati, kapangidwe kake, chivundikiro chakunja, ndi makhalidwe apadera.
Zipangizo Zoyendetsera Ma Conductor: Ma Copper Cores (“T”) ndi abwino kwambiri m'malo ozizira chifukwa cha kutentha kochepa. Ma Aluminium Cores amalembedwa kuti “L.”
Zipangizo Zotetezera Kutentha: V (PVC), YJ (XLPE), X (Rabala). Zingwe za XLPE (YJ) ndi zotetezera kutentha zimakhala ndi mphamvu yotsika kwambiri.
Zipangizo Zomangira Chidebe: PVC ili ndi malire otsika kutentha. Zidebe za PE, PUR (polyurethane), PTFE (Teflon), ndi LSZH zimapereka kukana bwino kuzizira kwa zingwe zamagetsi, zingwe zowongolera, ndi zingwe zamagetsi otsika mphamvu.
Zizindikiro Zapadera: TH (yonyowa m'malo otentha), TA (youma m'malo otentha), ZR (yoletsa moto), NH (yosagwira moto) ingakhale yofunikira. Zingwe zina zodzitetezera kapena zowongolera zingagwiritsenso ntchitoTepi ya Mylar or Tepi ya Mylar ya Aluminium Foilzolekanitsa, zotetezera, kapena zoteteza makina.
3. Kusankha kwa Chingwe ndi Kutentha
Malo ozizira osiyanasiyana amafunika zipangizo zofanana za chingwe ndi kapangidwe kake kuti apewe kulephera kwa makina:
> -15°C: Zingwe zamagetsi zokhazikika zophimbidwa ndi PVC zingagwiritsidwe ntchito, koma kukhazikitsa kuyenera kukhala >0°C. Chotetezera kutentha: PVC, PE, XLPE.
> -30°C: Zipangizo za m'chigoba ziyenera kukhala ndi PE, PVC yosazizira, kapena zigoba za nitrile composite. Chotetezera kutentha: PE, XLPE. Kutentha kwa kukhazikitsa ≥ -10°C.
< -40°C: Zipangizo za m'chigoba ziyenera kukhala PE, PUR, kapena PTFE. Chotetezera kutentha: PE, XLPE. Kutentha kwa kukhazikitsa ≥ -20°C. Zingwe zotetezedwa, zingwe zotetezedwa ndi tepi yachitsulo, ndi zingwe zotetezedwa ndi LSZH ndizofunikira kwambiri kuti zikhale zodalirika kwambiri.
4. Kukhazikitsa ndi Kusamalira
Kukhazikitsa zingwe zosazizira kumafuna kukonzekera mosamala. Kutenthetsa zingwe ndikofunikira kwambiri kutentha kukatsika pansi pa malire oyenera: 5–10°C (~masiku atatu), 25°C (~tsiku limodzi), 40°C (~maola 18). Kukhazikitsa kuyenera kumalizidwa mkati mwa maola awiri mutasiya malo osungiramo zinthu zotenthetsera. Gwirani zingwe mosamala, pewani kugwa, ndipo limbitsani mapindidwe, malo otsetsereka, kapena malo okakamira. Yang'anani zingwe zonse mutakhazikitsa, kuphatikiza zingwe zotetezedwa, kuti muwone ngati zawonongeka, ming'alu, kapena mavuto oteteza kutentha. Gwiritsani ntchito Mylar Tape kapena Aluminium Foil Mylar Tape ngati pakufunika poteteza kapena kulekanitsa zingwe zamagetsi ndi chizindikiro.
5. Zoganizira Zonse
Kupatula kutentha, ganizirani zinthu izi posankha zingwe zosazizira:
Malo Oyikira: Kuika m'manda mwachindunji, ngalande ya chingwe, kapena thireyi zimakhudza kutayikira kwa kutentha ndi chitetezo cha makina. Zipolopolo za PE, PUR, PTFE, ndi LSZH ziyenera kufananizidwa moyenerera.
Zofunikira pa Mphamvu ndi Chizindikiro: Yesani kuchuluka kwa magetsi, mphamvu yonyamulira magetsi, kulimba kwa chizindikiro, ndi kukana kusokoneza. Tepi ya Aluminium Foil Mylar ingafunike poteteza zingwe zamagetsi otsika, zowongolera, kapena zida.
Zofunikira Zoletsa Moto ndi Zosapsa ndi Moto: ZR, NH, ndi WDZ (zopanda utsi wambiri) zingafunike m'nyumba, m'ngalande, kapena m'malo otsekedwa.
Zachuma ndi Moyo Wanga: Zingwe zotetezedwa ndi XLPE, PE, PUR, PTFE, zotetezedwa ndi tepi yachitsulo zomwe sizizizira zimakhala ndi ndalama zambiri koma zimachepetsa nthawi yosinthira ndi kuimitsa chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa kutentha kochepa.
Kusankha zingwe zoyenera zosazizira, kuphatikizapo PVC, XLPE, PE, PUR, PTFE, LSZH, zingwe zotetezedwa ndi tepi yachitsulo, kumatsimikizira kudalirika kwa makina amagetsi, kugwira ntchito bwino, komanso kugwira ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali m'nyengo yozizira kwambiri. Kusankha zingwe zoyenera ndikofunikira osati kokha kuti magetsi akhale olimba komanso kuti magetsi akhale otetezeka.
Nthawi yotumizira: Novembala-21-2025