1. Waya wachitsulo
Pofuna kuonetsetsa kuti chingwecho chingathe kupirira mphamvu yokwanira ya axial poika ndi kugwiritsa ntchito, chingwecho chiyenera kukhala ndi zinthu zomwe zinganyamule katundu, chitsulo, osati chitsulo, pogwiritsa ntchito waya wachitsulo wamphamvu kwambiri ngati gawo lolimbitsa, kotero kuti chingwecho chikhale ndi kukana kwabwino kwa kuthamanga kwa mbali, kukana kugunda, waya wachitsulo umagwiritsidwanso ntchito pa chingwe pakati pa chidendene chamkati ndi chidendene chakunja cha zida. Malinga ndi kuchuluka kwa kaboni komwe kali, chingagawidwe m'magulu awiri: waya wachitsulo wokhala ndi kaboni wambiri ndi waya wachitsulo wokhala ndi kaboni wotsika.
(1) Waya wachitsulo cha kaboni wambiri
Chitsulo cha waya cha kaboni chochuluka chiyenera kukwaniritsa zofunikira zaukadaulo za chitsulo cha kaboni cha GB699 chapamwamba kwambiri, kuchuluka kwa sulfure ndi phosphorous kuli pafupifupi 0.03%, malinga ndi njira zosiyanasiyana zochizira pamwamba zitha kugawidwa m'ma waya achitsulo opangidwa ndi galvanized ndi waya wachitsulo opangidwa ndi phosphate. Waya wachitsulo wopangidwa ndi galvanized umafuna kuti zinc wosanjikiza ikhale yofanana, yosalala, yolumikizidwa bwino, pamwamba pa waya wachitsulo uyenera kukhala woyera, wopanda mafuta, wopanda madzi, wopanda madontho; Phosphating wosanjikiza wa waya wa phosphate uyenera kukhala wofanana komanso wowala, ndipo pamwamba pa waya uyenera kukhala wopanda mafuta, madzi, dzimbiri ndi mabala. Chifukwa kuchuluka kwa kusintha kwa haidrojeni ndi kochepa, kugwiritsa ntchito waya wachitsulo wopangidwa ndi phosphate ndikofala kwambiri masiku ano.
(2) Waya wachitsulo chopanda mpweya wambiri
Waya wachitsulo wochepa wa kaboni nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa chingwe chotetezedwa ndi zida, pamwamba pa waya wachitsulo payenera kuphimbidwa ndi wosanjikiza wa zinki wofanana komanso wopitilira, wosanjikiza wa zinki usakhale ndi ming'alu, zizindikiro, pambuyo poyesa kupindika, pasakhale zala zopanda kanthu zomwe zingachotse ming'alu, lamination ndi kugwa.
2. Chingwe chachitsulo
Pamene chingwecho chikukula kufika pa nambala yaikulu yapakati, kulemera kwa chingwecho kumawonjezeka, ndipo mphamvu yomwe chilimbikitsocho chiyenera kupirira imawonjezekanso. Pofuna kukweza mphamvu ya chingwe chowunikira kuti chinyamule katundu ndikupewa kupsinjika kwa axial komwe kungapangidwe pakuyika ndi kugwiritsa ntchito chingwe chowunikira, chingwe chachitsulo monga gawo lolimbitsa chingwe chowunikira ndiye choyenera kwambiri, ndipo chili ndi kusinthasintha kwina. Chingwe chachitsulo chimapangidwa ndi zingwe zingapo za waya wopindika wachitsulo, malinga ndi kapangidwe ka gawo nthawi zambiri chimagawidwa m'mitundu itatu ya 1 × 3,1 × 7,1 × 19. Kulimbitsa chingwe nthawi zambiri kumagwiritsa ntchito chingwe chachitsulo cha 1 × 7, chingwe chachitsulo malinga ndi mphamvu yokhazikika imagawidwa m'magulu asanu: 175, 1270, 1370, 1470 ndi 1570MPa, modulus yotanuka ya chingwe chachitsulo iyenera kukhala yayikulu kuposa 180GPa. Chitsulo chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa chingwe chachitsulo chiyenera kukwaniritsa zofunikira za GB699 "Zofunikira paukadaulo wa kapangidwe ka chitsulo cha kaboni chapamwamba", ndipo pamwamba pa waya wachitsulo wogwiritsidwa ntchito pa chingwe chachitsulo chiyenera kuphimbidwa ndi zinc yofanana komanso yopitilira, ndipo sipayenera kukhala mawanga, ming'alu ndi malo opanda zinc plating. M'mimba mwake ndi mtunda wogona wa waya wa chingwe ndi wofanana, ndipo suyenera kukhala womasuka mutadula, ndipo waya wachitsulo wa waya wa chingwe uyenera kuphatikizidwa bwino, popanda crisscross, fracture ndi kupinda.
3.FRP
FRP ndi chidule cha chilembo choyamba cha pulasitiki yolimbikitsidwa ndi ulusi wa Chingerezi, chomwe ndi chinthu chosakhala chachitsulo chokhala ndi pamwamba posalala komanso mainchesi akunja ofanana omwe amapezeka popaka pamwamba pa ulusi wagalasi wambiri ndi utomoni wowala, ndipo chimagwira ntchito yolimbitsa chingwe cha kuwala. Popeza FRP si chinthu chachitsulo, ili ndi ubwino wotsatira poyerekeza ndi kulimbitsa chitsulo: (1) Zipangizo zosakhala zachitsulo sizimakhudzidwa ndi kugwedezeka kwamagetsi, ndipo chingwe cha kuwala ndi choyenera madera amphezi; (2) FRP sipanga reaction yamagetsi ndi chinyezi, sipanga mpweya woipa ndi zinthu zina, ndipo ndi yoyenera madera amvula, otentha komanso onyowa; (3) sipanga induction current, ikhoza kukhazikitsidwa pamzere wamagetsi amphamvu; (4) FRP ili ndi mawonekedwe a kulemera kopepuka, komwe kungachepetse kwambiri kulemera kwa chingwe. Pamwamba pa FRP payenera kukhala kosalala, kusazungulira kuyenera kukhala kochepa, mainchesi ayenera kukhala ofanana, ndipo pasakhale cholumikizira mu kutalika kwa disc wamba.
4. Aramid
Aramid (polyp-benzoyl amide fiber) ndi mtundu wa ulusi wapadera wokhala ndi mphamvu zambiri komanso modulus yapamwamba. Umapangidwa kuchokera ku p-aminobenzoic acid ngati monomer, pamaso pa catalyst, mu NMP-LiCl system, pogwiritsa ntchito solution condensation polymerization, kenako ndi wet spinning ndi high tension heat treatment. Pakadali pano, zinthu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka ndi mtundu wa KEVLAR49 wopangidwa ndi DuPont ku United States ndi mtundu wa Twaron wopangidwa ndi Akzonobel ku Netherlands. Chifukwa cha kukana kutentha kwambiri komanso kukana kutentha kwambiri, umagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga all-medium self-supporting cable reinforcement (ADSS).
5. Ulusi wa galasi
Ulusi wagalasi ndi chinthu chosakhala chachitsulo chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri polimbitsa chingwe cha kuwala, chomwe chimapangidwa ndi ulusi wagalasi wambiri. Chili ndi kutchinjiriza kwabwino kwambiri komanso kukana dzimbiri, komanso mphamvu yayikulu yogwira komanso kusinthasintha kochepa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chikhale choyenera kulimbitsa chingwe chosakhala chachitsulo. Poyerekeza ndi zipangizo zachitsulo, ulusi wagalasi ndi wopepuka ndipo supanga mphamvu yoyambitsa, kotero ndi woyenera kwambiri pamizere yamagetsi amphamvu komanso kugwiritsa ntchito chingwe cha kuwala m'malo onyowa. Kuphatikiza apo, ulusi wagalasi umasonyeza kukana kwabwino kwa kuwonongeka komanso kukana nyengo komwe kumagwiritsidwa ntchito, kuonetsetsa kuti chingwecho chimakhala chokhazikika kwa nthawi yayitali m'malo osiyanasiyana.
Nthawi yotumizira: Ogasiti-26-2024