Madzi oletsa zingwe
Zipangizo zotsekemera madzi zimatha kugawidwa m'magulu awiri: Madzi othandizira oletsa ndi kungotulutsa madzi. Kuletsa madzi kumagwiritsira ntchito madzi otenga madzi ndi kutupa kwa zinthu zogwira ntchito. Mphesayo ikawonongeka, zinthuzi zimakulitsa polumikizana ndi madzi, zomwe zimachepetsa kulowa mkatikati. Zinthu zoterezi zimaphatikizaponsomadzi onjezerani kukulitsa gel, tepi yotchinga madzi, madzi otchinga ufa,madzi otchinga ulusi, ndi chingwe chotchinga madzi. Kufupikitsa madzi otsekera, kumbali ina, kumagwiritsa ntchito zinthu za hydrophobic kuti muletse madzi kunja kwa chingwe pomwe mphezi zimawonongeka. Zitsanzo za zinthu zotsekemera zamadzi zotsekemera ndi phala lodzazidwa ndi mafuta, otentha ngalande zomatira, ndi phala la kutentha.
I. Zovala zamadzi zotsekemera
Kudzazidwa kwa zinthu zotsekemera zamadzi, monga ma petroleum phala, m'matumba anali njira yoyamba yoletsa zingwe zoyambirira zamagetsi. Njirayi imalepheretsa madzi kuti asalowe chingwe koma ali ndi zovuta zotsatirazi:
1.Tikulitsa kulemera kwa chingwe;
2.Ziyambitsa kutsika mu chinsinsi cha chingwe;
3.Mosroleum imayipitsa kwambiri mafupa olumikizana, ndikupangitsa kuyeretsa;
4. Njira zodzaza kwathunthu ndizovuta kuwongolera, ndipo kudzazidwa kosakwanira kungapangitse kuwongolera kwamadzi osayenda bwino.
Ii. Zojambula zoletsa madzi
Pakadali pano, zida zotsekemera zamadzi zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'matumbo makamaka tepi yotseka madzi, ufa woletsa madzi, chingwe chotseka madzi, komanso ulusi wobisalira madzi. Poyerekeza ndi ma petroleum phala, zotchinga madzi zotsekemera zimakhala ndi izi: Mafuta othamanga kwambiri komanso kuchuluka kwa chipambano kwambiri. Amatha kuyamwa madzi mwachangu ndikutha mwachangu kuti apange zinthu zokhala ngati gel osakaniza, potero kuwonetsetsa kuti zitchinga. Kuphatikiza apo, zida zolekanitsa madzi ndizopepuka, zoyera, komanso zosavuta kukhazikitsa ndi kujowina. Komabe, alinso ndi zovuta:
1. Kufatsa kufalikira kwam'madzi sikuvuta kulumikizana nawo;
2. Tepi yotseka kapena kufupikitsa kumatha kuwonjezera ma disitala akunja, ndikukulitsa chipika chamimba, ndikuchepetsa kufalikira kwa chingwe;
3. Zovala zamadzi zotsekemera nthawi zambiri zimakhala zodula kwambiri.
Kusanthula Madzi Kutsetsereka: Pakadali pano, njira yayikulu ku China kuti isaletse madzi osasunthika a zingwe ndikuwonjezera kusanjikiza madzi. Komabe, kukwaniritsa madzi mokwanira mu zingwe, sitiyenera kumangoganizira zam'mimba zamadzi zoyala zokha komanso zimalepheretsa kusokonekera kwa madzi kamodzi kumalowa chingwe.
Polyethylene (Sheat wamkati) wosuta madzi osanjikiza: Kutumiza madzi osanjikiza a polyethylene, kuteteza matebulo otsetsereka okhazikika m'malo okhazikika. Makina otsetsereka a polyethylene ndikosavuta kupanga ndipo safuna zida zowonjezera.
Phukusi la pulasitiki la aluminiyam tepi mulyethylene womangidwa ndi madzi osungunuka: Ngati zingwe zimayikidwa m'madzi kapena m'malo otsika kwambiri, kutsekeka kwa madzi, kuthetseratu mapangidwe a ma polyethyleene omwe angakhale okwanira. Kwa zingwe zofunika kuchita magwiridwe antchito owoneka bwino, tsopano ndifala kukulunga wosanjikiza wa aluminium-plaphani yozungulira chinsinsi. Chisindikizo ichi kuli mazana kapena masauzande ambiri ogwirizana ndi madzi kuposa polyethylene wangwiro. Malingana ngati msoko wa tepi yophatikizidwa ndi yolumikizidwa kwathunthu ndikusindikizidwa, kulowa kwamadzi ndikosatheka. Tepi ya pulasitiki yopangidwa ndi pulasitiki imafunikira njira yayitali yolumikizira ndi yolumikizana, yomwe imaphatikizapo ndalama zowonjezera ndi zida zowonjezera.
Pazochita zaukadaulo, kukwaniritsa zotchinga madzi zazitali ndizovuta kwambiri kuposa kutsekereza madzi am'madzi. Njira Zosiyanasiyana, monga kusintha kwa wochititsa wotsogolera ku mapangidwe opindika, osagwiritsidwa ntchito, koma zovuta zakhala zochepa chifukwa pali mipata yomwe imathandizira kuti madzi asokonezeke. Kuti mukwaniritse madzi owoneka owoneka bwino, ndikofunikira kudzaza mipatayo mu wochititsa ndi zinthu zotsekemera zamadzi. Magawo awiri otsatirawa omwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kukwaniritsa madzi atangongolekera:
1. Kugwiritsa ntchito zodzikongoletsera zotsekemera madzi. Onjezani ufa wobisalira madzi, ufa woletsa madzi, ulusi wotseka madzi, kapena kuphimba tepi yotseka madzi kuzungulira.
2. Amagwiritsa ntchito ma cores oletsa madzi. Panthawi yopanga zingwe zopanga, dzazani pakati ndi ulusi wotseka madzi, chingwe, kapena kukulunga pakati ndi semi-domer kapena kuwononga tepi yotseka madzi.
Pakadali pano, zovuta zazikulu m'madzi atangongolekera mabodza omwe akuletsa madzi, momwe mungadzaze zinthu zoletsa madzi pakati pa omwe akuchititsa kuti achite zinthu zomwe zimagwiritsa ntchito zomwe zimangoyenderabe.
Ⅲ. Mapeto
Tekinolo yamadzi yotsekereza imagwiritsa ntchito zigawo zotsekereza madzi zotsekemera madzi wosenda, wokhala ndi chinyezi-chinyezi chowonjezereka chowonjezeredwa kunja. Musinga yaumulungu-yamagetsi yamagetsi imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri, pomwe zingwe zamagetsi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, aluminiyamu, kapena jekete zopanda chitsulo.
Tekinolole yoletsa madzi oletsa madzi makamaka imayang'ana pakudzaza mipata pakati pa zovuta zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale ndi zida zotsekemera zamadzi mogwirizana. Kuchokera pakukula kwa ukadaulo wapano, kudzazidwa ndi ufa woletsa madzi kumakhala kothandiza kwa madzi ataliitali.
Kukwaniritsa zingwe zosagwedezeka kumakhudzanso kusinthasintha kwa chinsinsi ndikuchitapo kanthu, kotero ndikofunikira kusankha kapena kupanga mawonekedwe oyenera oletsa madzi potengera ukadaulo wochokera ku zofunikira zaukadaulo.
Post Nthawi: Feb-14-2025