Kawirikawiri, chingwe cha kuwala ndi chingwecho zimayikidwa pamalo onyowa komanso amdima. Ngati chingwecho chawonongeka, chinyezicho chimalowa mu chingwecho motsatira mfundo yowonongekayo ndikukhudza chingwecho. Madzi amatha kusintha mphamvu ya zingwe zamkuwa, zomwe zimachepetsa mphamvu ya chizindikiro. Zimayambitsa kupanikizika kwakukulu pazigawo za kuwala mu chingwe cha kuwala, zomwe zidzakhudza kwambiri kutumiza kwa kuwala. Chifukwa chake, kunja kwa chingwe cha kuwala kudzakulungidwa ndi zinthu zotchingira madzi. Ulusi wotchingira madzi ndi chingwe chotchingira madzi ndi zinthu zotchingira madzi zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri. Pepalali lidzaphunzira za makhalidwe a awiriwa, kusanthula kufanana ndi kusiyana kwa njira zawo zopangira, ndikupereka chidziwitso cha kusankha zinthu zoyenera zotchingira madzi.
1. Kuyerekeza magwiridwe antchito a ulusi wotsekereza madzi ndi chingwe chotsekereza madzi
(1) Kapangidwe ka ulusi wotchinga madzi
Pambuyo poyesa kuchuluka kwa madzi ndi njira yowumitsa, kuchuluka kwa madzi omwe amayamwa ulusi wotsekereza madzi ndi 48g/g, mphamvu yokoka ndi 110.5N, kutalika kwa kusweka ndi 15.1%, ndipo kuchuluka kwa chinyezi ndi 6%. Kugwira ntchito kwa ulusi wotsekereza madzi kumakwaniritsa zofunikira pa kapangidwe ka chingwe, ndipo njira yozungulira nayonso ndi yotheka.
(2) Kagwiridwe ka ntchito ka chingwe chotseka madzi
Chingwe chotchingira madzi makamaka ndi chinthu chotchingira madzi chomwe chimafunika pa zingwe zapadera. Chimapangidwa makamaka poviika, kulumikiza ndi kuumitsa ulusi wa polyester. Ulusi ukaphwanyidwa bwino, umakhala ndi mphamvu yayitali, kulemera kopepuka, makulidwe owonda, mphamvu yayikulu yokoka, mphamvu yabwino yotetezera kutentha, kusinthasintha kochepa, komanso palibe dzimbiri.
(3) Ukadaulo waukulu wa zaluso pa ntchito iliyonse
Pa ulusi wotsekereza madzi, kuyika makadi ndiye njira yofunika kwambiri, ndipo chinyezi chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonza izi chikuyenera kukhala pansi pa 50%. Ulusi wa SAF ndi polyester ziyenera kusakanikirana muyeso winawake ndikupesa nthawi imodzi, kuti ulusi wa SAF panthawi yokonza makadi uzitha kufalikira mofanana pa ukonde wa ulusi wa polyester, ndikupanga kapangidwe ka netiweki pamodzi ndi polyester kuti ichepetse kugwa kwake. Poyerekeza, kufunikira kwa chingwe chotsekereza madzi pagawoli kuli kofanana ndi kwa ulusi wotsekereza madzi, ndipo kutayika kwa zinthu kuyenera kuchepetsedwa momwe kungathekere. Pambuyo pa kukonzedwa kwasayansi kwa kuchuluka, kumayika maziko abwino opangira chingwe chotsekereza madzi panthawi yochepetsera.
Pa njira yoyendayenda, monga njira yomaliza, ulusi wotsekereza madzi umapangidwa makamaka munjira iyi. Uyenera kutsatira liwiro lochepa, kukwera pang'ono, mtunda wautali, komanso kupotoka kochepa. Kulamulira konse kwa chiŵerengero cha kukwera ndi kulemera kwa njira iliyonse ndikuti kuchuluka kwa ulusi wa ulusi wotsekereza madzi ndi 220tex. Pa chingwe chotsekereza madzi, kufunika kwa njira yoyendayenda sikofunikira kwambiri ngati ulusi wotsekereza madzi. Njirayi makamaka ili mu kukonza komaliza kwa chingwe chotsekereza madzi, komanso kukonza mozama maulalo omwe sali pamalo opangira kuti zitsimikizire kuti chingwe chotsekereza madzi chili bwino.
(4) Kuyerekeza kutayika kwa ulusi woyamwa madzi mu ndondomeko iliyonse
Pa ulusi wotseka madzi, kuchuluka kwa ulusi wa SAF kumachepa pang'onopang'ono ndi kuchuluka kwa njira yopangira. Pamene njira iliyonse ikupita patsogolo, kuchuluka kwa kuchepetsa kumakhala kwakukulu, ndipo kuchuluka kwa kuchepetsa kumakhala kosiyana pa njira zosiyanasiyana. Pakati pawo, kuwonongeka kwa njira yopangira makadi ndiko kwakukulu kwambiri. Pambuyo pa kafukufuku woyesera, ngakhale pakakhala njira yabwino kwambiri, chizolowezi chowononga ulusi wa SAF sichingapeweke ndipo sichingathetsedwe. Poyerekeza ndi ulusi wotseka madzi, kutayika kwa ulusi wa chingwe chotseka madzi kumakhala bwino, ndipo kutayika kungachepe pa njira iliyonse yopangira. Pamene njirayo ikukulirakulira, mkhalidwe wotayika kwa ulusi wasintha.
2. Kugwiritsa ntchito ulusi wotchingira madzi ndi chingwe chotchingira madzi mu chingwe ndi chingwe chowunikira
Chifukwa cha kupita patsogolo kwa ukadaulo m'zaka zaposachedwa, ulusi wotchingira madzi ndi chingwe chotchingira madzi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ngati zodzaza zingwe zowunikira. Kawirikawiri, ulusi wotchingira madzi kapena zingwe zotchingira madzi zimadzazidwa mu chingwe, chimodzi mwa izo nthawi zambiri chimayikidwa pakati kuti zitsimikizire kuti chingwecho chili chokhazikika, ndipo ulusi wotchingira madzi nthawi zambiri umayikidwa kunja kwa pakati pa chingwe kuti zitsimikizire kuti zotsatira zotchingira madzi zitha kuchitika bwino kwambiri. Kugwiritsa ntchito ulusi wotchingira madzi ndi chingwe chotchingira madzi kudzasintha kwambiri magwiridwe antchito a chingwe chowunikira.
Kuti ulusi wotsekereza madzi ugwire bwino ntchito, ulusi wotsekereza madzi uyenera kukhala wolongosoka bwino, zomwe zingafupikitse kwambiri mtunda pakati pa pakati pa chingwe ndi m'chimake. Izi zimapangitsa kuti chingwecho chizimitse madzi bwino.
Ponena za makhalidwe a makina, makhalidwe omangika, makhalidwe opondereza, ndi makhalidwe opindika a chingwe chowunikira amakula bwino kwambiri akadzaza ulusi wotsekereza madzi ndi chingwe choletsa madzi. Pa magwiridwe antchito a nthawi yotenthetsera ya chingwe chowunikira, chingwe chowunikira chikadzaza ulusi wotsekereza madzi ndi chingwe choletsa madzi sichikhala ndi kuchepa kowonjezereka. Pa chivundikiro cha chingwe chowunikira, ulusi wotsekereza madzi ndi chingwe choletsa madzi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kudzaza chingwe chowunikira panthawi yopanga, kotero kuti kukonza kosalekeza kwa chivundikirocho sikukhudzidwa mwanjira iliyonse, ndipo umphumphu wa chivundikiro cha chingwe chowunikira cha kapangidwe kameneka ndi wapamwamba. Zitha kuwoneka kuchokera ku kusanthula komwe kwatchulidwa pamwambapa kuti chingwe cha fiber optic chodzazidwa ndi ulusi wotsekereza madzi ndi chingwe choletsa madzi ndi chosavuta kuchikonza, chimakhala ndi mphamvu zambiri zopangira, sichiwononga chilengedwe, chimakhala ndi mphamvu zabwino zotsekereza madzi komanso chimakhala ndi umphumphu wapamwamba.
3. Chidule
Pambuyo pofufuza mozama za njira zopangira ulusi wotchingira madzi ndi chingwe chotchingira madzi, timamvetsetsa bwino momwe zinthu ziwirizi zimagwirira ntchito, ndipo timamvetsetsa bwino njira zodzitetezera pakupanga. Mu njira yogwiritsira ntchito, kusankha koyenera kungapangidwe malinga ndi mawonekedwe a chingwe chowunikira ndi njira yopangira, kuti tiwongolere magwiridwe antchito otchingira madzi, kuwonetsetsa kuti chingwe chowunikira chili bwino komanso kukweza chitetezo cha magetsi omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Nthawi yotumizira: Januwale-16-2023