Kawirikawiri, pali mitundu iwiri ya ulusi: umene umathandizira njira zambiri zofalitsira kapena njira zodutsana umatchedwa ulusi wa multi-mode (MMF), ndipo umene umathandizira njira imodzi umatchedwa ulusi wa single-mode (SMF). Koma kodi kusiyana kwake n’kutani? Kuwerenga nkhaniyi kukuthandizani kupeza yankho.
Chidule cha Chingwe cha Single Mode vs Multimode Fiber Optic
Ulusi wa single mode umalola kufalikira kwa kuwala kamodzi kokha panthawi, pomwe ulusi wa multimode optical ukhoza kufalitsa mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pawo kuli mu kukula kwa ulusi wapakati, kutalika kwa nthawi ndi gwero la kuwala, bandwidth, mtundu wa sheath, mtunda, mtengo, ndi zina zotero.
Kodi Kusiyana Kwake Ndi Chiyani?
Nthawi yoyerekeza single mode vs. multimodeulusi wowalandipo mumvetse kusiyana kwawo.
M'mimba mwake wapakati
Chingwe cha Single Mode chili ndi kukula kochepa kwa ma core, nthawi zambiri 9μm, zomwe zimathandiza kuti ma bandwidths achepe, komanso mtunda wautali wa ma transmission.
Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, ulusi wa Multimode optical uli ndi kukula kwakukulu kwa core, nthawi zambiri 62.5μm kapena 50μm, ndipo OM1 ndi 62.5μm ndi OM2/OM3/OM4/OM5 ndi 5μm. Ngakhale pali kusiyana kwa kukula, sizimaoneka mosavuta ndi munthu wamba chifukwa ndi zazing'ono kuposa kukula kwa tsitsi la munthu. Kuyang'ana code yosindikizidwa pa chingwe cha fiber optic kungathandize kuzindikira mtundu wake.
Ndi chophimba choteteza, ulusi wa single mode ndi multimode uli ndi mainchesi a 125μm.
Kutalika kwa Mafunde & Gwero Lowala
Ulusi wa Multimode optical, wokhala ndi kukula kwakukulu kwa core, umagwiritsa ntchito magwero otsika mtengo a kuwala monga kuwala kwa LED ndi ma VCSEL pa ma wavelength a 850nm ndi 1300nm. Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, chingwe cha single mode chokhala ndi core yake yaying'ono, chimagwiritsa ntchito ma laser kapena ma laser diode kuti chipange kuwala komwe kumalowetsedwa mu chingwecho, nthawi zambiri pa ma wavelength a 1310nm ndi 1550nm.
Bandwidth
Mitundu iwiriyi ya ulusi imasiyana malinga ndi mphamvu ya bandwidth. Ulusi wa single-mode umapereka bandwidth yopanda malire chifukwa chothandizira njira imodzi yowunikira, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kuchepa kwa kufalikira ndi kufalikira pang'ono. Ndi chisankho chomwe chimakondedwa kwambiri pakulankhulana kwachangu pamtunda wautali.
Kumbali inayi, ulusi wa multimode ukhoza kutumiza ma modes angapo a kuwala, koma uli ndi kuchepa kwakukulu kwa kuwala ndi kufalikira kwakukulu, zomwe zimalepheretsa bandwidth yake.
Ulusi wa single-mode umagwira ntchito bwino kuposa ulusi wa multimode optical pankhani ya mphamvu ya bandwidth.
Kuchepetsa mphamvu
Ulusi wa single-mode uli ndi kuchepa kwa kuchepetsedwa kwa kudulidwa, pomwe ulusi wa multimode umakhala wosavuta kuchepetsedwa.
Mtunda
Kuchepa kwa kuchepetsedwa kwa chingwe cha single mode ndi kufalikira kwa mode kumapangitsa kuti ma transmission atalikire kwambiri kuposa multimode. Multimode ndi yotsika mtengo koma imangokhala ndi ma short link (monga 550m pa 1Gbps), pomwe single mode imagwiritsidwa ntchito potumiza ma transmission akutali kwambiri.
Mtengo
Poganizira mtengo wonse, magawo atatu amachita gawo lofunika kwambiri.
Mtengo Woyika
Mtengo wokhazikitsa ulusi wa single-mode nthawi zambiri umawonedwa kuti ndi wokwera kuposa chingwe cha multimode chifukwa cha zabwino zake. Komabe, zenizeni ndi zosiyana. chifukwa cha kupanga bwino kwambiri, kusunga 20-30% poyerekeza ndi ulusi wa multimode. Pa ulusi wa OM3/OM4/OM5 wokwera mtengo, single-mode imatha kusunga mpaka 50% kapena kuposerapo. Komabe, mtengo wa transceiver ya optical uyeneranso kuganiziridwa.
Mtengo wa Optical Transceiver
Chosinthira kuwala ndi gawo lalikulu la mtengo mu ulusi wa chingwe, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale gawo lalikulu, nthawi zina mpaka 70% ya mtengo wonse. Ma transceiver a single mode nthawi zambiri amawononga nthawi 1.2 mpaka 6 kuposa a multimode. Izi zili choncho chifukwa single mode imagwiritsa ntchito ma laser diode amphamvu kwambiri (LD), omwe ndi okwera mtengo kwambiri, pomwe zida za multimode nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsa ntchito ma LED otsika mtengo kapena ma VCSELS.
Mtengo Wokweza Dongosolo
Chifukwa cha kupita patsogolo kwa ukadaulo mwachangu, makina olumikizira mawaya nthawi zambiri amafunika kusinthidwa ndi kukulitsidwa. Mawaya olumikizira mawaya amtundu umodzi amapereka kusinthasintha kwakukulu, kusinthasintha, komanso kusinthasintha. Chingwe cha multimode, chifukwa cha bandwidth yochepa komanso kuthekera kwake kocheperako, chingavutike kukwaniritsa zosowa zamtsogolo za kutumiza mawaya akutali komanso okwera kwambiri.
Kukweza makina a fiber optic a single mode ndikosavuta, kungosintha switch ndi ma transceivers popanda kuyika ulusi watsopano. Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, pa chingwe cha multimode, kusintha kuchokera ku OM2 kupita ku OM3 kenako kupita ku OM4 kuti pakhale transmission yothamanga kwambiri kungapangitse ndalama zambiri, makamaka posintha ulusi womwe uli pansi pa pansi.
Mwachidule, multimode ndi yotsika mtengo pa mtunda waufupi, pomwe single mode ndi yabwino pa mtunda wapakati mpaka wautali.
Mtundu
Kulemba mitundu kumathandiza kuzindikira mtundu wa chingwe mosavuta. TlA-598C imapereka khodi ya mtundu yomwe makampani amalimbikitsa kuti izindikire mosavuta.
Multimode OM1 ndi OM2 nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi jekete lalanje.
OM3 nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi majekete a mtundu wa Aqua.
OM4 nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi majekete a mtundu wa Aqua kapena Violet.
OM5 inali yobiriwira ngati laimu.
OS1 ndi OS2 nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi majekete achikasu.
Kugwiritsa ntchito
Chingwe cha single mode chimagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka m'machitidwe akutali a backbone ndi metro mu ma network a telecom, datacom, ndi CATV.
Kumbali inayi, chingwe cha multimode chimagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka m'mapulogalamu akutali monga malo osungira deta, cloud computing, machitidwe achitetezo, ndi ma LAN (Maukonde Adera Apafupi).
Mapeto
Pomaliza, chingwe cha ulusi cha single-mode ndi chabwino kwambiri potumiza deta yofikira kutali m'ma network onyamula, ma MAN, ndi ma PON. Kumbali ina, chingwe cha ulusi cha multimode chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mabizinesi, malo osungira deta, ndi ma LAN chifukwa cha kufupika kwake. Chofunika kwambiri ndikusankha mtundu wa ulusi womwe ukugwirizana bwino ndi zosowa za netiweki yanu poganizira mtengo wonse wa ulusi. Monga wopanga ma netiweki, kupanga chisankho ichi ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti netiweki ikhale yogwira mtima komanso yodalirika.
Nthawi yotumizira: Juni-19-2025