Kapangidwe koyambira ka waya ndi chingwe kumaphatikizapo kondakitala, chotenthetsera, choteteza, chivundikiro ndi zina.
1. Wotsogolera
Ntchito: Kondakitala ndi gawo la waya ndi chingwe chomwe chimatumiza mphamvu zamagetsi (maginito), chidziwitso ndikugwira ntchito zinazake za kusintha kwa mphamvu zamagetsi.
Zipangizo: Pali makamaka ma conductor osaphimbidwa, monga mkuwa, aluminiyamu, aloyi yamkuwa, aloyi ya aluminiyamu; ma conductor okhala ndi zitsulo, monga mkuwa wothira m'zitini, mkuwa wophimbidwa ndi siliva, mkuwa wophimbidwa ndi nickel; ma conductor okhala ndi zitsulo, monga chitsulo chophimbidwa ndi mkuwa, aluminiyamu wophimbidwa ndi mkuwa, chitsulo chophimbidwa ndi aluminiyamu, ndi zina zotero.
2. Kuteteza kutentha
Ntchito: Chotchingiracho chimazunguliridwa ndi kondakitala kapena gawo lina la kondakitala (monga tepi ya mica yotsutsa), ndipo ntchito yake ndikupatula kondakitala kuti isagwire magetsi ofanana ndikuletsa kutuluka kwa magetsi.
Zipangizo zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popangira zinthu zoteteza kutentha ndi polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyethylene (PE), cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE), polyolefin yopanda utsi wochepa (LSZH/HFFR), fluoroplastics, thermoplastic elasticity (TPE), silicone rabara (SR), ethylene propylene rabara (EPM/EPDM), ndi zina zotero.
3. Kuteteza
Ntchito: Chitsulo chotchingira chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito mu waya ndi zinthu za chingwe chili ndi malingaliro awiri osiyana kotheratu.
Choyamba, kapangidwe ka mawaya ndi zingwe zomwe zimatumiza mafunde amphamvu kwambiri (monga mafunde a wailesi, zingwe zamagetsi) kapena mafunde ofooka (monga zingwe zamagetsi) zimatchedwa electromagnetic shielding. Cholinga chake ndikuletsa kusokoneza kwa mafunde akunja amagetsi, kapena kuletsa zizindikiro zapamwamba kwambiri mu chingwe kuti zisasokoneze dziko lakunja, komanso kuletsa kusokonezana pakati pa mawaya awiriawiri.
Chachiwiri, kapangidwe ka zingwe zamagetsi zapakati ndi zapamwamba kuti zigwirizane ndi mphamvu yamagetsi pamwamba pa kondakitala kapena pamwamba pa insulating amatchedwa electric field shielding. Kunena zoona, mphamvu yamagetsi sikutanthauza ntchito ya "kuteteza", koma imangogwira ntchito yogwirizanitsa mphamvu yamagetsi. Chishango chomwe chimazungulira chingwe nthawi zambiri chimakhala pansi.
* Kapangidwe ka chitetezo cha maginito ndi zinthu zake
① Zotchingira: Gwiritsani ntchito waya wopanda mkuwa, waya wothira mkuwa, waya wothira mkuwa, waya wothira mkuwa ndi siliva, waya wothira mkuwa ndi magnesium, tepi yothira mkuwa, tepi yothira mkuwa ndi siliva, ndi zina zotero kuti zilukidwe kunja kwa pakati pa insulated, waya kapena pakati pa chingwe;
② Chotetezera tepi yamkuwa: gwiritsani ntchito tepi yofewa yamkuwa kuphimba kapena kukulunga molunjika kunja kwa pakati pa chingwe;
③ Chitetezo cha tepi yachitsulo: gwiritsani ntchito tepi ya aluminiyamu ya Mylar kapena tepi ya mkuwa ya Mylar kuti muzungulire kapena kukulunga waya kapena pakati pa chingwe molunjika;
④ Kuteteza kwathunthu: Kugwiritsa ntchito kwathunthu pogwiritsa ntchito mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya chitetezo. Mwachitsanzo, kukulunga (1-4) mawaya a mkuwa owonda molunjika mutakulunga ndi tepi ya aluminiyamu ya Mylar. Mawaya a mkuwa amatha kuwonjezera mphamvu ya chitetezo;
⑤ Chitetezo chosiyana + chitetezo chonse: waya uliwonse kapena gulu la mawaya amatetezedwa ndi tepi ya aluminiyamu. Mylar kapena waya wamkuwa wolukidwa padera, kenako kapangidwe ka chitetezo chonsecho kamawonjezedwa pambuyo polumikiza mawaya;
⑥ Chotetezera kukulunga: Gwiritsani ntchito waya woonda wamkuwa, tepi ya mkuwa, ndi zina zotero kuti muzungulire pakati pa waya wotetezedwa, waya kapena pakati pa chingwe.
* Kapangidwe ka magetsi ndi zipangizo zotetezera munda
Chishango choteteza mpweya: Pa zingwe zamagetsi za 6kV ndi kupitirira apo, gawo lochepa la chishango choteteza mpweya limalumikizidwa pamwamba pa kondakitala ndi pamwamba pa chotetezera mpweya. Gawo loteteza mpweya ndi gawo loteteza mpweya lopanda mpweya lopanda mpweya lopanda mpweya lopanda mpweya lopanda mpweya. Chishango choteteza mpweya chokhala ndi gawo lopingasa la 500mm² ndi kupitirira apo nthawi zambiri chimakhala ndi tepi yoteteza mpweya yopanda mpweya ndi gawo loteteza mpweya lopanda mpweya lopanda mpweya lopanda mpweya lopanda mpweya. Gawo loteteza mpweya loteteza mpweya ndi kapangidwe kake kopanda mpweya;
Kukulunga waya wa mkuwa: Waya wozungulira wa mkuwa umagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pokulunga mbali imodzi, ndipo gawo lakunja limakulungidwa mozungulira ndikumangiriridwa ndi tepi yamkuwa kapena waya wamkuwa. Kapangidwe kamtunduwu nthawi zambiri kamagwiritsidwa ntchito mu zingwe zokhala ndi mphamvu yayikulu yozungulira, monga zingwe zina zazikulu za 35kV. chingwe chamagetsi cha single-core;
Kukulunga tepi yamkuwa: kukulunga ndi tepi yofewa yamkuwa;
④ Chigoba cha aluminiyamu chopangidwa ndi corrugated: Chimagwiritsa ntchito tepi yotenthetsera kapena yopangidwa ndi aluminiyamu, kukulunga, kukongoletsa, ndi zina zotero. Mtundu uwu wa chitetezo ulinso ndi njira yabwino kwambiri yotchingira madzi, ndipo umagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pa zingwe zamagetsi ...
4. Chigoba
Ntchito ya chivundikirocho ndi kuteteza chingwe, ndipo pakati pake ndi kuteteza chotenthetsera. Chifukwa cha malo ogwiritsira ntchito omwe amasintha nthawi zonse, momwe amagwiritsidwira ntchito komanso zomwe ogwiritsa ntchito amafunikira. Chifukwa chake, mitundu, mawonekedwe a kapangidwe kake ndi zofunikira pakugwira ntchito kwa chivundikirocho zimasiyananso, zomwe zitha kugawidwa m'magulu atatu:
Chimodzi ndi kuteteza nyengo yakunja, mphamvu zamakina nthawi zina, ndi gawo loteteza lomwe limafuna chitetezo chotseka (monga kupewa kulowa kwa nthunzi yamadzi ndi mpweya woopsa); Ngati pali mphamvu yayikulu yakunja yamakina kapena kulemera kwa chingwe, payenera kukhala kapangidwe ka gawo loteteza la gawo lachitsulo; chachitatu ndi kapangidwe ka gawo loteteza lomwe lili ndi zofunikira zapadera.
Chifukwa chake, kapangidwe ka chigoba cha waya ndi chingwe nthawi zambiri kamagawidwa m'zigawo ziwiri zazikulu: chigoba (manja) ndi chigoba chakunja. Kapangidwe ka chigoba chamkati ndi kosavuta, pomwe chigoba chakunja chimaphatikizapo chigoba chachitsulo ndi chigoba chake chamkati (kuteteza chigoba kuti chisawononge chigoba chamkati), ndi chigoba chakunja chomwe chimateteza chigoba, ndi zina zotero. Pazinthu zosiyanasiyana zapadera monga choletsa moto, kukana moto, choletsa tizilombo (chiswe), choletsa nyama (kuluma makoswe, kuluma kwa mbalame), ndi zina zotero, zambiri mwa izo zimathetsedwa powonjezera mankhwala osiyanasiyana ku chigoba chakunja; zingapo ziyenera kuwonjezera zinthu zofunika mu chigoba chakunja.
Zipangizo zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi izi:
Polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyethylene (PE), polyperfluoroethylene propylene (FEP), polyolefin yopanda utsi wochepa (LSZH/HFFR), thermoplastic elastomer (TPE)
Nthawi yotumizira: Disembala-30-2022