Kapangidwe ka chingwe chamagetsi kamapangidwa m'magawo, ndipo gawo lililonse limagwira ntchito zinazake kuti litsimikizire kutumiza mphamvu zamagetsi kuchokera ku gwero lopangira magetsi kupita kwa wogwiritsa ntchito. Kapangidwe kameneka kamalola zingwe kuti zigwirizane ndi zofunikira zosiyanasiyana, kuyambira kugawa kwamagetsi otsika mpaka kutumizira kwamagetsi okwera kwambiri, komanso kupirira kupsinjika kwa makina, mankhwala, ndi chilengedwe panthawi yokhazikitsa ndi kugwira ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali.
Kapangidwe ndi ntchito zake mwatsatanetsatane ndi izi:
1. Kondakitala (Kondakitala Woyendetsa)
Ntchito: Imagwira ntchito ngati njira yaikulu yotumizira mphamvu zamagetsi, kunyamula mphamvu yamagetsi ndi kudziwa mphamvu ya chingwe chonyamulira magetsi komanso momwe chimagwirira ntchito bwino.
Zipangizo ndi Njira: Kawirikawiri zimapangidwa ndi mkuwa wothira mphamvu kwambiri (wosalimba kwambiri, wosinthasintha bwino) kapena ma conductor a aluminiyamu olimba. Kuti agwirizane bwino kusinthasintha ndi mphamvu, ma conductor nthawi zambiri amapangidwa mwa kumangirira mawaya angapo osalala nthawi zonse. Mawonekedwe awo opingasa amakonzedwa bwino kuti adzaze malo otetezera kutentha mwamphamvu ndikuwonjezera kutentha.
2. Zigawo Zoteteza
Ntchito: Zigawo ziwirizi za semiconducting zimapanga "dongosolo lofanana," lofunika kwambiri poonetsetsa kuti magetsi akufalikira mofanana mu zingwe zapakati ndi zapamwamba.
Chishango cha Kondakitala: Chikatambasulidwa mwamphamvu pamwamba pa kondakitala, chimadzaza zolakwika zazing'ono ndi zopinga mkati mwa kondakitala wosweka, zomwe zimaletsa kutuluka kwa korona ndi kukhazikika kwa magetsi am'deralo.
Chishango Choteteza Kuteteza: Chikayikidwa mwamphamvu pamwamba pakunja kwa chishango choteteza ku dzuwa, chimafanana ndi magetsi ndipo chimapereka kusintha kosalala kupita ku chishango chakunja chachitsulo.
Zipangizo: Zonsezi ndi zinthu zolumikizirana zomwe zimatha kulumikizidwa, ndipo kukana kwa voliyumu nthawi zambiri kumayendetsedwa mkati mwa 10² mpaka 10⁵ Ω·cm.
3. Chigawo Chotetezera Kutentha
Ntchito: Imapereka magetsi olekanitsidwa, opirira magetsi ogwirira ntchito komanso ma voltage ochulukirapo kuti apewe kuwonongeka kapena kutayikira.
Zipangizo: Zipangizo zazikulu ndiPolyethylene Yolumikizidwa ndi Mtanda (XLPE)Mphira wa Ethylene Propylene (EPR) umagwiritsidwa ntchito pa ntchito zapakati komanso zosinthasintha kwambiri. Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'ma network ogawa magetsi otsika.
4. Chitsulo chachitsulo
Ntchito: Imapereka njira yopezera mphamvu yamagetsi, chitetezo chamagetsi, ndi chitetezo cha nthaka.
Mafomu:Tepi yamkuwazotchingira, zotchingira waya wa mkuwa, kapena zigoba zachitsulo zomangiriridwa (zomwe zimathandizanso kuti madzi azitchingira).
5. Gawo Lodzaza
Ntchito: Imadzaza malo opanda kanthu mu zingwe zamitundu yambiri kuti isunge kukhazikika kwa kapangidwe kake, komanso imapereka chithandizo chothandizira komanso chitetezo cha chinyezi.
Zipangizo: Zipangizo zosagwiritsa ntchito hygroscopic monga polypropylene (PP) ripcord kapena zingwe zotchingira madzi.
6. Chigoba Chamkati
Ntchito: Imateteza chishango chachitsulo ku dzimbiri ndipo imapereka chotchinga choyamba cha madzi ndi chinyezi.
Zipangizo: Zipolopolo za Polyethylene (PE) kapena Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) zotulutsidwa. Pa ntchito zomwe zimafuna ntchito yabwino yoletsa madzi, zipolopolo za aluminiyamu-polyethylene zomatidwa nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito.
7. Chida Chankhondo
Ntchito: Imapereka chitetezo chamakina kuti chisaphwanyidwe panthawi yoika maliro mwachindunji, kukoka panthawi yoyika, komanso kupsinjika panthawi yoyika sitima yapamadzi.
Mitundu: Chida choteteza tepi chachitsulo (makamaka choteteza kupsinjika) kapena chida choteteza waya chachitsulo (choteteza kulimba kwa mphamvu).
8. Chigoba chakunja
Ntchito: Chitetezo chakunja, cholimba ku dzimbiri la chilengedwe.
Zipangizo: PVC kapena PE sheath, zomwe zingathe kupanga zida zapadera za sheath zomwe sizimayaka moto, zopanda halogen, komanso zosatulutsa utsi wambiri.
9. Zomanga Zapadera
Kapangidwe ka Kuteteza Madzi: Zigoba zachitsulo zopangidwa ndi dzimbiri kapena ufa/matepi/majeli oletsa madzi.
Kapangidwe ka Chitetezo cha Moto: Rabala ya silicone yokhazikika, matepi a mica, kapena zipangizo zotsika utsi zero-halogen (LSZH).
Kuphatikizika Mwanzeru: Zingwe zina zimagwiritsa ntchito mayunitsi a ulusi wowala kuti muyeze kutentha kapena kulumikizana.
10. Chitsanzo cha Kapangidwe (Chingwe Chokhala ndi Mphamvu Yokwera Kwambiri)
Choyendetsa Mkuwa → Chishango cha Choyendetsa → Kuteteza XLPE → Chishango Choteteza → Chishango cha Chitsulo Chopangidwa ndi Zitsulo → Chishango cha Mkati cha PE → Zida za Waya Wachitsulo → Chishango Chakunja.
11. Chidule
Chingwe chamagetsi ndi chinthu chopangidwa mwaluso kwambiri. Kusankha zipangizo ndi kukhazikitsa njira za gawo lililonse kumakhudza kwambiri mphamvu ya chingwe, moyo wa ntchito, komanso chitetezo chake. Ukadaulo wamakono wa chingwe ukupita patsogolo kufika pamlingo wapamwamba wa magetsi, mphamvu zambiri, kudalirika kwambiri, nzeru zambiri, komanso kulimbitsa chilengedwe.
Nthawi yotumizira: Disembala-18-2025