1 Mawu Oyamba
Kuonetsetsa kusindikiza kotalika kwa zingwe za fiber optic komanso kuteteza madzi ndi chinyezi kuti zisalowe mu chingwe kapena bokosi lolumikizirana ndikuwononga zitsulo ndi CHIKWANGWANI, zomwe zimapangitsa kuwonongeka kwa haidrojeni, kusweka kwa CHIKWANGWANI ndi kutsika kwakukulu kwa ntchito yotchinjiriza magetsi, njira zotsatirazi ndi Zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito poletsa madzi ndi chinyezi:
1) Kudzaza mkati mwa chingwe ndi mafuta a thixotropic, kuphatikizapo mtundu wamadzi (hydrophobic), mtundu wa kutupa kwa madzi ndi mtundu wowonjezera kutentha ndi zina zotero. Mtundu uwu wa zinthu ndi zopangira mafuta, kudzaza ndalama zambiri, kukwera mtengo, zosavuta kuipitsa chilengedwe, zovuta kuyeretsa (makamaka chingwe splicing ndi zosungunulira kuyeretsa), ndi chingwe kudzikonda kulemera kwambiri.
2) M'chimake chamkati ndi chakunja pakati pa kugwiritsa ntchito mphete yotchinga yotentha yosungunuka yosungunuka, njira iyi ndi yopanda ntchito, ndondomeko yovuta, opanga ochepa okha angathe kukwaniritsa. 3) Kugwiritsa ntchito kukulitsa kowuma kwa zinthu zotsekereza madzi (madzi owonjezera ufa wowonjezera, tepi yotchinga madzi, etc.). Njirayi imafunikira ukadaulo wapamwamba, kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu, mtengo wapamwamba, kudzilemera kwa chingwe kumakhalanso kolemera kwambiri. M'zaka zaposachedwa, mawonekedwe a "dry core" adalowetsedwa mu chingwe cha kuwala, ndipo agwiritsidwa ntchito bwino kunja, makamaka pothetsa vuto la kulemera kwa thupi lolemera ndi zovuta splicing ndondomeko ya chiwerengero chachikulu cha chingwe cha kuwala chili ndi ubwino wosayerekezeka. Chingwe chotchinga madzi chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito mu chingwe cha "dry core" ndi ulusi wotsekereza madzi. Ulusi wotchinga madzi ukhoza kuyamwa madzi mwachangu ndikutupa kupanga gel osakaniza, kutsekereza malo a njira yamadzi ya chingwe, motero kukwaniritsa cholinga chotsekereza madzi. Kuonjezera apo, ulusi wotsekera madzi ulibe zinthu zamafuta ndipo nthawi yokonzekera splice imatha kuchepetsedwa kwambiri popanda kufunikira kwa zopukuta, zosungunulira ndi zotsukira. Kuti tipeze njira yosavuta, yomanga yabwino, ntchito yodalirika ndi zipangizo zotsika mtengo zotsekera madzi, tinapanga mtundu watsopano wa chingwe chotchinga madzi-kutchinga ulusi-madzi-kutsekereza ulusi wotupa.
2 Mfundo yotsekereza madzi ndi mawonekedwe a ulusi wotsekereza madzi
Ntchito yotchinga madzi ya ulusi wotsekereza madzi ndikugwiritsa ntchito ulusi waukulu wa ulusi wotsekereza madzi kupanga voliyumu yayikulu ya gel (mayamwidwe amadzi amatha kufika kambirimbiri kuchuluka kwake, monga mphindi yoyamba yamadzi). imatha kukulitsidwa mwachangu kuchokera ku 0. 5mm mpaka 5. 0mm m'mimba mwake), ndipo mphamvu yosungira madzi ya gel osakaniza ndi yamphamvu kwambiri, imatha kuletsa kukula kwa mtengo wamadzi, motero kuletsa madzi kuti asapitirire kulowa ndikufalikira, kukwaniritsa Cholinga cha madzi kukana. Monga chingwe cha fiber optic chiyenera kupirira mikhalidwe yosiyanasiyana ya chilengedwe popanga, kuyesa, mayendedwe, kusunga ndi kugwiritsa ntchito, ulusi wotsekereza madzi uyenera kukhala ndi izi zomwe ziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mu chingwe cha fiber optic:
1) Kuwoneka koyera, makulidwe ofanana ndi mawonekedwe ofewa;
2) Mphamvu inayake yamakina kuti ikwaniritse zofunikira zomangika popanga chingwe;
3) kutupa kwachangu, kukhazikika kwamankhwala abwino komanso mphamvu yayikulu pakuyamwa kwamadzi ndi mapangidwe a gel;
4) Kukhazikika kwamankhwala kwabwino, kopanda zida zowononga, kugonjetsedwa ndi mabakiteriya ndi nkhungu;
5) Kukhazikika kwamafuta abwino, kukana nyengo yabwino, kusinthika kuzinthu zosiyanasiyana zotsatizana ndi kupanga ndi madera osiyanasiyana ogwiritsira ntchito;
6) Kugwirizana kwabwino ndi zida zina za chingwe cha fiber optic.
3 Ulusi wosamva madzi pogwiritsira ntchito chingwe cha optical fiber
3.1 Kugwiritsa ntchito ulusi wosamva madzi mu zingwe za optical fiber
Opanga zingwe za fiber optic amatha kutengera zida zosiyanasiyana popanga kuti akwaniritse zosowa za ogwiritsa ntchito malinga ndi momwe alili komanso zomwe ogwiritsa ntchito amafuna:
1) Kutsekeka kwamadzi kwautali wa sheath yakunja ndi ulusi wotsekereza madzi
M'makwinya achitsulo tepi armouring, m'chimake akunja ayenera kukhala longitudinally madzi kuteteza chinyezi ndi chinyezi kulowa chingwe kapena cholumikizira bokosi. Kuti akwaniritse chotchinga chamadzi chotalikirapo cha mchimake wakunja, zingwe ziwiri zotchinga madzi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, imodzi yomwe imayikidwa mofananira ndi pachimake chamkati chamkati, ndipo inayo imakulungidwa pachimake cha chingwe pamtunda wina (8 mpaka 15). cm), yokutidwa ndi makwinya zitsulo tepi ndi Pe (polyethylene), kuti madzi chotchinga thonje amagawaniza kusiyana pakati pa chingwe pachimake ndi zitsulo tepi mu yaing'ono chatsekedwa chipinda. Ulusi wotchinga madzi udzaphulika ndi kupanga gel mkati mwa nthawi yochepa, kuteteza madzi kuti asalowe mu chingwe ndikuletsa madzi kumagulu ang'onoang'ono pafupi ndi vutolo, motero kukwaniritsa cholinga cha chotchinga madzi chautali, monga momwe tawonetsera pa Chithunzi 1. .
Chithunzi 1: Kagwiritsidwe ntchito ka ulusi wotsekereza madzi mu chingwe chowunikira
2) Kutsekeka kwamadzi kwautali wapakati pa chingwe ndi ulusi wotsekereza madziAngagwiritsidwe ntchito pachimake chingwe mbali ziwiri za ulusi madzi kutsekereza, mmodzi ali pachimake chingwe cha analimbitsa zitsulo waya, ntchito ziwiri madzi kutsekereza ulusi, kawirikawiri madzi kutsekereza ulusi ndi analimbitsa zitsulo waya anayikidwa mu kufanana, china chotchinga madzi ulusi ku phula lalikulu atakulungidwa pa waya, palinso awiri madzi kutsekereza ulusi ndi analimbitsa zitsulo waya woyikidwa mu kufanana, ntchito madzi kutsekereza ulusi wa mphamvu kukula amphamvu kutsekereza madzi; yachiwiri ili pamtunda wotayirira, musanafikire mchimake wamkati, ulusi wotsekera madzi ngati ulusi wa tayi, ulusi wotsekera madzi awiri mpaka phula laling'ono (1 ~ 2cm) mbali inayo mozungulira, kupanga wandiweyani komanso waung'ono. kutsekereza bin, kuteteza kulowa kwa madzi, opangidwa ndi "dry cable core" dongosolo.
3.2 Kusankha ulusi wosamva madzi
Kuti tipeze kukana kwamadzi bwino komanso magwiridwe antchito amakina popanga chingwe cha fiber optic, zinthu zotsatirazi ziyenera kudziwidwa posankha ulusi wosakanizidwa ndi madzi:
1) Kunenepa kwa ulusi wotsekereza madzi
Pofuna kuonetsetsa kuti kufalikira kwa ulusi wotsekera madzi kungathe kudzaza kusiyana pakati pa chingwe, kusankha makulidwe a ulusi wotsekera madzi ndikofunikira, ndithudi, izi zikugwirizana ndi kukula kwake. wa chingwe ndi kukula kwa ulusi wotsekereza madzi. Mu dongosolo chingwe ayenera kuchepetsa kukhalapo kwa mipata, monga kugwiritsa ntchito mkulu mlingo kukula kwa ulusi madzi kutsekereza, ndiye m'mimba mwake wa ulusi madzi kutsekereza akhoza kuchepetsedwa kwa ang'onoang'ono, kotero kuti mukhoza kupeza odalirika madzi- kuletsa ntchito, komanso kusunga ndalama.
2) Kutupa ndi mphamvu ya gel ya ulusi wotsekereza madzi
Mayeso a IEC794-1-F5B olowera m'madzi amachitika pagawo lonse la chingwe cha fiber optic. 1m ya mzati wamadzi imawonjezedwa ku chitsanzo cha 3m cha chingwe cha fiber optic, 24h popanda kutayikira ndi yoyenera. Ngati kuchuluka kwa kutupa kwa ulusi wotsekera madzi sikukugwirizana ndi kuchuluka kwa madzi olowera, ndizotheka kuti madzi adutsa muyeso mkati mwa mphindi zochepa zoyambira kuyesa ndipo ulusi wotsekera madzi sunakwaniritsidwe. kutupa, ngakhale pakapita nthawi ulusi wotsekera madzi udzatupa kwathunthu ndikutsekereza madzi, koma izi ndizolephera. Ngati chiwonjezeko chowonjezereka chikufulumira ndipo mphamvu ya gel sikwanira, sikokwanira kukana kukakamizidwa kopangidwa ndi 1m madzi ndime, ndipo kutsekereza madzi adzalephera.
3) Kufewa kwa ulusi wotsekereza madzi
Monga kufewa kwa ulusi wotchinga madzi pazitsulo zamakina a chingwe, makamaka kuthamanga kwapambuyo, kukana kwamphamvu, ndi zina zotero, zotsatira zake zimakhala zoonekeratu, choncho yesetsani kugwiritsa ntchito ulusi wofewa kwambiri woletsa madzi.
4) Kulimba kwamphamvu, kutalika ndi kutalika kwa ulusi wotsekereza madzi
Pakupanga kwamtundu uliwonse wa thireyi ya chingwe, ulusi wotsekereza madzi uyenera kukhala wopitilira komanso wosasokonezeka, womwe umafunikira ulusi wotsekereza madzi uyenera kukhala ndi mphamvu inayake yokhazikika komanso kutalika, kuti zitsimikizire kuti ulusi wotsekereza madzi sunakokedwe panthawi yopanga. ndondomeko, chingwe pa nkhani ya anatambasula, kupinda, kupotoza madzi kutsekereza ulusi si kuonongeka. Kutalika kwa ulusi wotsekereza madzi kumadalira makamaka kutalika kwa thireyi ya chingwe, kuti achepetse kuchuluka kwa nthawi zomwe ulusi umasinthidwa mosalekeza, kutalika kwa ulusi wotsekereza madzi kumakhala bwino.
5) Acidity ndi alkalinity ya ulusi wotsekereza madzi sayenera kulowerera, apo ayi ulusi wotsekereza madzi umakhudzidwa ndi chingwe ndikutulutsa haidrojeni.
6) Kukhazikika kwa ulusi wotsekereza madzi
Tebulo 2: Kufananiza mawonekedwe otsekera madzi a ulusi wotsekereza madzi ndi zida zina zotsekereza madzi.
| Fananizani zinthu | Kudzaza odzola | Hot Sungunulani madzi choyimitsa mphete | Tepi yotchinga madzi | Ulusi wotsekereza madzi |
| Kukana madzi | Zabwino | Zabwino | Zabwino | Zabwino |
| Kuthekera | Zosavuta | Zovuta | Zambiri zovuta | Zosavuta |
| Zimango katundu | Woyenerera | Woyenerera | Woyenerera | Woyenerera |
| Kudalirika kwanthawi yayitali | Zabwino | Zabwino | Zabwino | Zabwino |
| Mphamvu yolumikizana ndi sheath | Zabwino | Zabwino | Zabwino | Zabwino |
| Kuopsa kwa kulumikizana | Inde | No | No | No |
| Zotsatira za okosijeni | Inde | No | No | No |
| Zosungunulira | Inde | No | No | No |
| Kulemera pa unit kutalika kwa chingwe cha fiber optic | Zolemera | Kuwala | Cholemera | Kuwala |
| Kutaya kwazinthu zosafunikira | Zotheka | No | No | No |
| Ukhondo popanga | Osauka | Osauka kwambiri | Zabwino | Zabwino |
| Kusamalira zinthu | Ng’oma zachitsulo zolemera | Zosavuta | Zosavuta | Zosavuta |
| Investment mu zida | Chachikulu | Chachikulu | Chachikulu | Wamng'ono |
| Mtengo wazinthu | Zapamwamba | Zochepa | Zapamwamba | Pansi |
| Ndalama zopangira | Zapamwamba | Zapamwamba | Zapamwamba | Pansi |
Kukhazikika kwa ulusi wotsekera madzi kumayesedwa makamaka ndi kukhazikika kwanthawi yochepa komanso kukhazikika kwanthawi yayitali. Kukhazikika kwakanthawi kumaganiziridwa kuti kutentha kwanthawi yayitali (kutentha kwa kutentha kwa m'chimake mpaka 220 ~ 240 ° C) pamadzi otchinga madzi chotchinga madzi ndi katundu wamawotchi amakhudzidwa; Kukhazikika kwanthawi yayitali, makamaka poganizira kukalamba kwa ulusi wotchinga madzi, kuchuluka kwa kukula, mphamvu ya gel osakaniza ndi kukhazikika, kulimba kwamphamvu komanso kufalikira kwamphamvu, ulusi wotchinga madzi uyenera kukhala moyo wonse wa chingwe (20 ~ 30 zaka) ndi Water resistance. Mofanana ndi mafuta oletsa madzi ndi tepi yotchinga madzi, mphamvu ya gel ndi kukhazikika kwa ulusi wotchinga madzi ndi khalidwe lofunika. Ulusi wotchinga madzi wokhala ndi mphamvu yayikulu ya gel komanso kukhazikika kwabwino kumatha kukhalabe ndi zinthu zabwino zotsekereza madzi kwa nthawi yayitali. M'malo mwake, mogwirizana ndi mfundo German dziko, zipangizo zina pansi pa zinthu hydrolysis, gel osakaniza adzakhala kuwola mu kwambiri mafoni otsika maselo kulemera zakuthupi, ndipo sadzakwaniritsa cholinga cha nthawi yaitali madzi kukana.
3.3 Kugwiritsa ntchito ulusi wotsekereza madzi
Madzi kutsekereza ulusi monga kwambiri kuwala chingwe madzi kutsekereza zipangizo, m'malo mafuta phala, otentha kusungunula zomatira madzi kutsekereza mphete ndi madzi kutsekereza tepi, etc. ntchito yochuluka popanga kuwala chingwe, Table 2 pa ena. za makhalidwe a zinthu zotsekereza madzi awa poyerekezera.
4 Mapeto
Mwachidule, ulusi wotchinga madzi ndi chinthu chabwino kwambiri chotchinga madzi choyenera chingwe cha kuwala, chimakhala ndi mawonekedwe a zomangamanga zosavuta, ntchito zodalirika, zopanga zambiri, zosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito; ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zodzaza chingwe cha kuwala kuli ndi ubwino wa kulemera kwake, ntchito yodalirika komanso yotsika mtengo.
Nthawi yotumiza: Jul-16-2022