(1)Zinthu Zoteteza Utsi Wochepa wa Zero Halogen Polyethylene (XLPE) Zolumikizirana:
Zipangizo zotetezera kutentha za XLPE zimapangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito polyethylene (PE) ndi ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) ngati maziko, pamodzi ndi zowonjezera zosiyanasiyana monga zoletsa moto zopanda halogen, mafuta odzola, ma antioxidants, ndi zina zotero, kudzera mu njira yophatikiza ndi kupangira pelletizing. Pambuyo pokonza ma radiation, PE imasintha kuchoka pa kapangidwe ka molekyulu kolunjika kupita ku kapangidwe ka magawo atatu, kusintha kuchoka pa chinthu cha thermoplastic kupita ku pulasitiki yosasungunuka ya thermosetting.
Zingwe zotetezera kutentha za XLPE zili ndi ubwino wambiri poyerekeza ndi PE wamba wa thermoplastic:
1. Kulimba kwamphamvu kwa kukana kutentha, kulimbitsa mphamvu za makina kutentha kwambiri, komanso kulimba kwamphamvu kwa kupsinjika kwa chilengedwe komanso kukalamba kwa kutentha.
2. Kukhazikika kwa mankhwala komanso kukana zosungunulira, kuchepa kwa kuyenda kwa madzi ozizira, komanso kukhala ndi mphamvu zamagetsi. Kutentha kwa nthawi yayitali kumatha kufika 125°C mpaka 150°C. Pambuyo pokonza zolumikizirana, kutentha kwa PE kwafupikitsa kumatha kukwera kufika 250°C, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zingwe zokhala ndi makulidwe ofanana zikhale ndi mphamvu zambiri zonyamulira magetsi.
3. Zingwe zotetezedwa ndi XLPE zimasonyezanso mphamvu zabwino kwambiri zogwiritsira ntchito makina, zosalowa madzi, komanso zosagwiritsa ntchito ma radiation, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zoyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'njira zosiyanasiyana, monga mawaya amkati mwa zida zamagetsi, mawaya amagetsi, mawaya oyatsa magetsi, mawaya owongolera ma signature a magalimoto otsika mphamvu, mawaya a sitima yapamtunda, zingwe zapansi panthaka, zingwe zosungiramo zinthu zosawononga chilengedwe, zingwe za sitima, zingwe za 1E-grade za malo opangira magetsi a nyukiliya, zingwe zopopera madzi, ndi zingwe zotumizira magetsi.
Malangizo omwe alipo pakali pano pakupanga zinthu zotetezera kutentha za XLPE akuphatikizapo zipangizo zotetezera kutentha za PE, zipangizo zotetezera kutentha za PE, ndi zipangizo zotetezera kutentha za polyolefin.
(2)Zinthu Zotetezera za Polypropylene Yolumikizidwa ndi Mtanda (XL-PP):
Polypropylene (PP), monga pulasitiki wamba, ili ndi makhalidwe monga kulemera kopepuka, magwero ambiri azinthu zopangira, kugwiritsa ntchito bwino ndalama, kukana dzimbiri kwa mankhwala, kusachita kupanga, komanso kubwezeretsanso. Komabe, ili ndi zofooka monga mphamvu yochepa, kukana kutentha pang'ono, kufooka kwakukulu, kukana kukwera pang'ono, kufooka kwa kutentha pang'ono, komanso kukana kutentha ndi mpweya kukalamba. Zofooka izi zachepetsa kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwake pakugwiritsa ntchito chingwe. Ofufuza akhala akugwira ntchito yosintha zinthu za polypropylene kuti ziwongolere magwiridwe antchito awo onse, ndipo kuwala kwa cross-linked modified polypropylene (XL-PP) kwathetsa zofookazi.
Mawaya otetezedwa a XL-PP amatha kukwaniritsa mayeso a lawi la UL VW-1 ndi miyezo ya waya ya 150°C yoyesedwa ndi UL. Mu ntchito zogwiritsidwa ntchito pa chingwe, EVA nthawi zambiri imasakanizidwa ndi PE, PVC, PP, ndi zinthu zina kuti isinthe momwe chingwecho chimagwirira ntchito.
Chimodzi mwa zovuta za irradiation cross-linked PP ndikuti chimaphatikizapo mpikisano pakati pa kupanga magulu osakwanira kudzera mu degradation reactions ndi cross-linking reactions pakati pa mamolekyu olimbikitsidwa ndi ma free radicals akuluakulu a mamolekyu. Kafukufuku wasonyeza kuti chiŵerengero cha degradation ndi cross-linking reactions mu PP irradiation cross-linking ndi pafupifupi 0.8 pogwiritsa ntchito gamma-ray irradiation. Kuti mupeze cross-linking reactions yogwira mtima mu PP, ma cross-linking promoters ayenera kuwonjezeredwa kuti a irradiation cross-linking ichitike. Kuphatikiza apo, makulidwe ogwira ntchito a cross-linking amachepetsedwa ndi mphamvu yolowera ya ma electron beams panthawi ya irradiation. Irradiation imabweretsa kupanga mpweya ndi thovu, zomwe ndi zabwino pakulumikiza zinthu zoonda koma zimachepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito zingwe zokhuthala.
(3) Zinthu Zotetezera Zokhudzana ndi Ethylene-Vinyl Acetate Copolymer (XL-EVA):
Pamene kufunika kwa chitetezo cha chingwe kukukwera, chitukuko cha zingwe zolumikizidwa ndi cross-linked zopanda halogen-lawi-retardant chawonjezeka mofulumira. Poyerekeza ndi PE, EVA, yomwe imayambitsa vinyl acetate monomers mu molecular chain, ili ndi crystallinity yochepa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zosavuta kusinthasintha, kukana kukhudza, kugwirizana ndi filler, komanso kutseka kutentha. Kawirikawiri, makhalidwe a EVA resin amadalira kuchuluka kwa vinyl acetate monomers mu molecular chain. Kuchuluka kwa vinyl acetate kumapangitsa kuti pakhale kuwonekera bwino, kusinthasintha, komanso kulimba. EVA resin ili ndi cross-linked filler yabwino kwambiri komanso kulumikizana bwino, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ikhale yotchuka kwambiri mu halogen-free flame-retardant cross-linked cables.
Utomoni wa EVA wokhala ndi vinyl acetate pafupifupi 12% mpaka 24% umagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri poteteza waya ndi chingwe. Mu ntchito zenizeni za chingwe, EVA nthawi zambiri imasakanizidwa ndi PE, PVC, PP, ndi zinthu zina kuti isinthe momwe chingwe chimagwirira ntchito. Zigawo za EVA zimatha kulimbikitsa kulumikizana kwa chingwe, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chingwe chigwire bwino ntchito pambuyo polumikizana.
(4) Zinthu Zotetezera Zogwirizana ndi Ethylene-Propylene-Diene Monomer (XL-EPDM):
XL-EPDM ndi terpolymer yopangidwa ndi ethylene, propylene, ndi non-conjugated diene monomers, zomwe zimalumikizidwa kudzera mu radiation. Zingwe za XL-EPDM zimaphatikiza ubwino wa zingwe zotetezedwa ndi polyolefin ndi zingwe zotetezedwa ndi rabara:
1. Kusinthasintha, kulimba, kusamamatira kutentha kwambiri, kukana kukalamba kwa nthawi yayitali, komanso kukana nyengo yoipa (-60°C mpaka 125°C).
2. Kukana kwa ozoni, kukana kwa UV, mphamvu yamagetsi yotetezera kutentha, komanso kukana dzimbiri la mankhwala.
3. Kukana mafuta ndi zosungunulira zofanana ndi kutchinjiriza kwa rabara ya chloroprene yogwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zonse. Itha kupangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito zida zodziwika bwino zoyeretsera kutentha, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ikhale yotsika mtengo.
Zingwe zotetezedwa ndi kutentha za XL-EPDM zili ndi ntchito zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo koma osati zokhazo pa zingwe zamagetsi zotsika mphamvu, zingwe za sitima, zingwe zoyatsira magalimoto, zingwe zowongolera zoziziritsira, zingwe zoyendera, zida zobowolera, ndi zida zachipatala.
Zoyipa zazikulu za zingwe za XL-EPDM ndi monga kusagwira bwino ntchito kwa zingwe zomangira ndi zomatira zofooka komanso kudzimatira zokha, zomwe zingakhudze momwe zimapangidwira pambuyo pake.
(5) Zinthu Zotetezera Mphira wa Silicone
Rabala ya silicone ili ndi kusinthasintha komanso kukana kwambiri ozone, kutuluka kwa corona, ndi malawi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ikhale chinthu chabwino kwambiri chotetezera magetsi. Ntchito yake yayikulu mumakampani opanga magetsi ndi mawaya ndi zingwe. Mawaya ndi zingwe za silicone ndizoyenera kwambiri kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo otentha kwambiri komanso ovuta, okhala ndi moyo wautali kwambiri poyerekeza ndi zingwe wamba. Ntchito zodziwika bwino zimaphatikizapo ma mota otentha kwambiri, ma transformer, ma jenereta, zida zamagetsi ndi zamagetsi, zingwe zoyatsira moto m'magalimoto oyendera, ndi zingwe zamagetsi ndi zowongolera zam'madzi.
Pakadali pano, zingwe zotetezedwa ndi rabara la silicone nthawi zambiri zimalumikizidwa pogwiritsa ntchito mpweya wotentha kapena nthunzi yamphamvu. Palinso kafukufuku wopitilira wokhudza kugwiritsa ntchito kuwala kwa ma electron beam pa rabara la silicone lolumikizana, ngakhale kuti silinayambe kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'makampani opanga zingwe. Ndi kupita patsogolo kwaposachedwa kwa ukadaulo wolumikizira ma cross-linking, imapereka njira yotsika mtengo, yothandiza, komanso yosamalira chilengedwe ya zipangizo zotetezera rabara la silicone. Kudzera mu kuwala kwa ma electron beam kapena magwero ena a ma radiation, kulumikizana bwino kwa silicone rabara kungathe kuchitika pamene kumalola kulamulira kuya ndi kuchuluka kwa kulumikizana kuti kukwaniritse zofunikira zinazake.
Chifukwa chake, kugwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wolumikizirana ndi radiation pazinthu zoteteza mphira wa silicone kuli ndi chiyembekezo chachikulu m'makampani opanga mawaya ndi zingwe. Ukadaulo uwu ukuyembekezeka kuchepetsa ndalama zopangira, kupititsa patsogolo magwiridwe antchito opanga, komanso kuthandizira kuchepetsa mavuto azachilengedwe. Kafukufuku wamtsogolo ndi ntchito zopanga zitha kupititsa patsogolo kugwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wolumikizirana ndi radiation pazinthu zoteteza mphira wa silicone, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zogwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popanga mawaya ndi zingwe zotentha kwambiri komanso zogwira ntchito kwambiri m'makampani opanga magetsi. Izi zipereka mayankho odalirika komanso olimba m'malo osiyanasiyana ogwiritsira ntchito.
Nthawi yotumizira: Sep-28-2023