Chifukwa chiyani Cable Insulation Layer Ndi Yofunika Pantchito?

Mapangidwe oyambira a chingwe chamagetsi amapangidwa ndi magawo anayi: waya pachimake (conductor), wosanjikiza wotsekereza, wosanjikiza wotchinga ndi wosanjikiza woteteza. Kusungunula wosanjikiza ndi kudzipatula kwamagetsi pakati pa chigawo cha waya ndi pansi ndi magawo osiyanasiyana a chigawo cha waya kuti atsimikizire kufalikira kwa mphamvu yamagetsi, ndipo ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri la dongosolo lamagetsi.

Ntchito ya insulation layer:

Pakatikati pa chingwe ndi conductor. Pofuna kupewa kuwonongeka kwa zida zomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha mawaya owoneka bwino komanso kuvulaza anthu omwe amachititsidwa ndi mawaya omwe amapitilira mphamvu yachitetezo, chingwe choteteza chitetezo chiyenera kuwonjezeredwa ku chingwecho. Mphamvu yamagetsi yamagetsi yachitsulo mu chingwe ndi yaying'ono kwambiri, ndipo mphamvu yamagetsi ya insulator ndi yapamwamba kwambiri. Chifukwa chomwe insulator imatha kutsekedwa ndi chifukwa: milandu yabwino ndi yoyipa m'mamolekyu a insulator imamangidwa mwamphamvu kwambiri, tinthu tating'onoting'ono tomwe timatha kuyenda momasuka ndi ochepa kwambiri, ndipo resistivity ndi yayikulu kwambiri, kotero nthawi zambiri, ma macro omwe amapangidwa ndi kayendedwe kaulere pansi pakuchitapo kanthu kwa gawo lamagetsi lakunja akhoza kunyalanyazidwa, ndipo amawonedwa kuti ndi chinthu chosokoneza. Kwa ma insulators, pali magetsi owonongeka omwe amapatsa ma elekitironi mphamvu zokwanira kuwasangalatsa. Mphamvu yowononga ikadutsa, zinthuzo sizimatsekereza.

Kodi chiwopsezo cha makulidwe otsekereza osayenerera pa chingwe ndi chiyani?

Kufupikitsa moyo wautumiki wa waya ndi mankhwala a chingwe, ngati nsonga yopyapyala ya chingwe chachitsulo sichikukwaniritsa zofunikira, itatha kugwira ntchito kwa nthawi yaitali, makamaka m'malo okwiriridwa, omira, otseguka kapena owononga, chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa nthawi yayitali kwa sing'anga yakunja, mulingo wa kutchinjiriza ndi mulingo wamakina wa malo opyapyala a m'chimake udzachepetsedwa. Kuzindikira kwachiyeso kwa sheath kapena kulephera kwa mzere, mfundo yopyapyala imatha kusweka, chitetezo cha sheath ya chingwe chidzatayika. Komanso, mowa mkati sangakhoze kunyalanyazidwa, waya ndi chingwe mphamvu yaitali adzatulutsa kutentha kwambiri, adzafupikitsa moyo utumiki wa waya ndi chingwe. Ngati khalidweli silili loyenera, limayambitsa moto ndi zoopsa zina zachitetezo.

Kuonjezera zovuta za ndondomeko atagona, mu kuika ndondomeko ayenera kuganizira kusiya kusiyana, kotero kuti dissipate kutentha kwaiye pambuyo waya ndi chingwe mphamvu, makulidwe a m'chimake ndi wandiweyani kwambiri adzawonjezera mavuto atagona, kotero makulidwe a m'chimake kumafuna kutsatira okhwima ndi mfundo zogwirizana, apo ayi izo sizingakhoze kutenga mbali mu kuteteza waya ndi chingwe. Mmodzi mwa makhalidwe a khalidwe la mankhwala amaonekera mu maonekedwe khalidwe la mankhwala. Kaya ndi chingwe chamagetsi kapena waya wosavuta wa nsalu, mtundu wa wosanjikiza wotsekera uyenera kuyang'aniridwa pakupanga, ndipo uyenera kuyendetsedwa mosamalitsa ndikuyesedwa.

Mwinamwake anthu ambiri adzakhala ndi kukayikira, popeza udindo wa kusungunula ndi waukulu kwambiri, pamwamba pa chingwe chounikira ndi chingwe chochepa chamagetsi chimakutidwa ndi pulasitiki kapena kusungunula mphira, ndipo chingwe chapamwamba chamagetsi m'munda sichikuphimbidwa ndi kutsekemera.

Chifukwa pamagetsi okwera kwambiri, zida zina zomwe zimatsekera poyamba, monga mphira, pulasitiki, matabwa owuma, ndi zina zotero, zidzakhalanso ma conductor, ndipo sizidzakhala ndi mphamvu zotetezera. Kukulunga zotchinga pazingwe zamphamvu kwambiri ndikuwononga ndalama ndi chuma. Pamwamba pa waya wothamanga kwambiri samaphimbidwa ndi kutsekereza, ndipo ngati itayimitsidwa pa nsanja yayitali, imatha kutulutsa magetsi chifukwa chokhudzana ndi nsanjayo. Pofuna kupewa chodabwitsa ichi, waya wokwera kwambiri nthawi zonse amaimitsidwa pansi pa mabotolo opangidwa bwino ndi insulated zadothi, kotero kuti waya wokwera kwambiri amachotsedwa pansanjayo. Kuphatikiza apo, mukamayika zingwe zamphamvu kwambiri, musazikokere pansi. Kupanda kutero, chifukwa cha kukangana pakati pa waya ndi nthaka, wosanjikiza wosalala woyambira wawonongeka, ndipo pali ma burrs ambiri, omwe amatulutsa kutulutsa nsonga, zomwe zimapangitsa kutayikira.

Kuyika kwachitsulo kwa chingwe kumayikidwa malinga ndi zosowa za chingwe. Pakupanga, opanga ayenera kuwongolera makulidwe a kutchinjiriza motsatira ndondomeko ya ndondomekoyi, kukwaniritsa kasamalidwe kazinthu zonse, ndikuonetsetsa kuti waya ndi chingwecho chili chabwino.