Mu kapangidwe ka zingwe za fiber optic, chodzazacho ndi gawo lomwe limanyalanyazidwa mosavuta koma lofunika kwambiri. Sichitenga nawo mbali mwachindunji pakutumiza chizindikiro cha kuwala, komanso sichimaonekera bwino ngati chipolopolo chakunja, komabe chimakhudza mwachindunji kudalirika kwa nthawi yayitali komanso kukhazikika kwa kutumiza kwa chingwe, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chikhale chofunikira kwambiri poonetsetsa kuti chingwe chikugwira ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali.
I. Kodi Kudzaza Chophatikiza N'chiyani Ndipo N'chifukwa Chiyani Ndi "Chofunikira" pa Zingwe za Fiber Optic?
Chodzaza chingwe cha fiber optic si "mafuta" wamba kapena "mafuta odzola mafuta," koma ndi chinthu chogwira ntchito ngati phala chopangidwa ndi mafuta oyambira, makina okhuthala, zinthu zotchingira madzi, makina oletsa antioxidant, ndi zinthu zina. Pakati pa ulusi wa kuwala ndi ulusi wa galasi wa quartz wofewa kwambiri, womwe uli ndi zinthu zitatu zofunika kwambiri: kukhudzidwa ndi madzi, chinyezi, ndi kupsinjika kwa makina. Chinyezi chikalowa pamwamba pa ulusi wa kuwala, chingayambitse ming'alu yaying'ono ndikupangitsa kuti chizindikiro chizichepa kwambiri, zomwe zingayambitse kulephera kwa ulusi kwa nthawi yayitali. Kuphatikiza apo, pali ma micro-voids ambiri mkati mwa kapangidwe ka chingwe, monga pakati pa machubu otayirira, m'mipata yapakati, ndi mozungulira ziwalo zamphamvu, zomwe zimatha kupanga njira zosamukira madzi ndi chinyezi.
Ntchito zazikulu za chodzazacho zimawonekera m'mbali ziwiri. Choyamba, kuletsa madzi ndi kukana chinyezi: chophatikizacho chimadzaza mokwanira malo opanda kanthu amkati mwa chingwe, ndikupanga chotchinga chosalekeza cha hydrophobic chomwe chimaletsa kusamuka kwa madzi kwa nthawi yayitali, kuteteza kukhazikika kwa kapangidwe ka ulusi wowala. Chachiwiri, chitetezo cha makina: mkati mwa chubu chosasunthika, chophatikizacho chimaphimba ulusi wowala kuti chipange gawo lothandizira losinthasintha. Chingwecho chikagwidwa ndi mphamvu zakunja monga kupindika, kukakamira, kapena kugwedezeka, chimafalitsa bwino kupsinjika ndikuchepetsa chiopsezo cha kutayika kwa microbending, potero kuonetsetsa kuti chizindikirocho chikuyenda bwino.
II. Fiber Gel vs. Cable Jelly: Maudindo Osiyana, Maudindo Osiyanasiyana
Mu makampani opanga zingwe za fiber optic, zinthu zodzaza zimagawidwa m'magulu awiri:Gel ya UlusindiJelly wa ChingwePali kusiyana kwakukulu pa malo awo ogwiritsira ntchito ndi zofunikira pakugwira ntchito.
Fiber Gel ndi chinthu chogwira ntchito chomwe chimakhudzana mwachindunji ndi ulusi wa kuwala, makamaka chimadzaza mkati mwa machubu otayirira kapena mapangidwe a msana, ndikusunga kulumikizana mwachindunji kwa nthawi yayitali ndi ulusi. Chifukwa chake, zofunikira zake zogwirira ntchito ndizokhwima kwambiri: ziyenera kukhala ndi ukhondo wambiri popanda zodetsa zamakanika; makhalidwe abwino otsika omwe samayambitsa zotsatira za microbending pa ulusi; asidi wotsika kapena pafupifupi wopanda mphamvu kuti apewe kukhudzidwa kwa mankhwala kwa nthawi yayitali pa utoto wa ulusi; komanso kuwongolera kwakukulu kwa magwiridwe antchito a hydrogen, chifukwa hydrogen ingayambitse kutayika kwa OH-absorption mu ulusi wa kuwala, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chizindikiro cha signal chichepe kwambiri mu gulu la 1.38μm. Ponena za kusankha mafuta oyambira, Fiber Gel nthawi zambiri imagwiritsa ntchito mafuta amchere a hydrogenated kapena machitidwe amafuta oyambira opangidwa, omwe ubwino wake umaphatikizapo kapangidwe kokhazikika ka mamolekyulu ndi kusinthasintha kwakukulu kwa batch-to-batch, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zoyenera kugwiritsa ntchito chingwe chodalirika kwambiri.
Cable Jelly imagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka podzaza mipata yapakati, malo opanda mawonekedwe, kapena mapangidwe akunja a chingwe. Sichikhudzana mwachindunji ndi ulusi wowala, ndipo ntchito zake zazikulu ndi kutseka madzi ndi kudzaza kapangidwe kake. Chifukwa chake, zofunikira zake paukhondo ndi magwiridwe antchito a kuwala ndizochepa, koma ziyenera kukhala ndi magwiridwe antchito abwino otseka madzi komanso kukhazikika kwa nthawi yayitali. Makina amafuta oyambira nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito makina amafuta amchere a naphthenic kapena apakatikati, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kusiyana pakati pa mtengo ndi magwiridwe antchito, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zoyenera kuteteza mawonekedwe akunja.
Kuchokera pamalingaliro a dongosolo la zinthu, zinthu zodzaza zitha kugawidwanso m'mitundu itatu: mafuta ophatikizika, mafuta ophatikizika, ndi mafuta a silicone. Mafuta ophatikizika amapereka mtengo wotsika ndipo ndi omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri. Mafuta ophatikizika nthawi zambiri amachokera ku PAO (polyalphaolefin) ngati mafuta oyambira, omwe amapereka magwiridwe antchito abwino kwambiri kutentha kwambiri komanso kotsika komanso kukhazikika kwa okosijeni. Mafuta a silicone ndi oyenera kutentha kwambiri, kusunga magwiridwe antchito okhazikika kuyambira -70°C mpaka 200°C, koma mtengo wake ndi wokwera ndipo sagwirizana ndi machitidwe a mafuta a mchere.
III. Nkhani Zofala ndi Njira Zothanirana ndi Mavuto Omwe Amagwiritsidwa Ntchito
Pakupanga, kukhazikitsa, ndi kugwiritsa ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali kwa zingwe za fiber optic, mavuto osiyanasiyana ogwirira ntchito angabuke ndi zinthu zodzaza.
Kulekanitsa mafuta nthawi zambiri kumawonekera ngati mafuta oyambira omwe amalekanitsidwa ndi makina ophatikizika, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti makinawo asagawike mofanana, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kupsinjika kosagwirizana pa ulusi wa kuwala komanso kutayika kwa microbending. Chifukwa chachikulu nthawi zambiri chimakhala chokhudzana ndi kapangidwe ka makina okhuthala kapena kuwongolera njira yofalikira.
Kuuma kwa kutentha kochepa kumaonekera kwambiri m'madera ozizira. Makina amafuta amchere wamba amakumana ndi kuchepa kwa viscoelasticity kutentha kochepa, zomwe sizimapereka chitetezo chogwira ntchito bwino, zomwe zingayambitse kukhudzana mwachindunji pakati pa ulusi wa kuwala ndi khoma la chubu. Izi ziyenera kukonzedwa bwino posankha makina opangira mafuta kapena mafuta a silicone.
Mavuto okhudzana ndi kugwirizana kwa zinthu amaonekera makamaka chifukwa cha kusagwirizana kwa zinthu zakuthupi kapena zamakemikolo pakati pa zinthu monga machubu otayirira a PBT, zokutira za ulusi, ndi zinthu zotsekera madzi, zomwe zingayambitse kutupa kwa zinthu kapena kuwonongeka kwa magwiridwe antchito pakapita nthawi. Chifukwa chake, kuyesa koyenera kuyenera kuchitika pogwiritsa ntchito njira zogwirira ntchito.
Mavuto a kusintha kwa haidrojeni amachokera makamaka ku zinthu zosakhazikika mu dongosolo la compound, zomwe zimatha kutulutsa haidrojeni pang'onopang'ono panthawi yogwira ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ulusi wa kuwala uchepe kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, kuwongolera mosamala kuyera kwa zinthu zopangira ndi chinyezi m'malo opangira ndikofunikira.
Mavuto a njira yodzaza zinthu amagwirizana ndi makhalidwe a thixotropic a compound ndi zida zowongolera, monga liwiro la kudzaza, kuwongolera kutentha, ndi kugawa kosagwirizana kwa kuthamanga, zonse zomwe zingakhudze kufanana kwa kugawa kwa compound mkati mwa chubu chomasuka ndipo motero zimakhudza magwiridwe antchito onse a chingwe.
Mapeto
Ngakhale kuti chodzazacho chili ndi malo osafunikira kwambiri mu kapangidwe ka chingwe, ndi chinthu chofunikira kwambiri chomwe chimakhudza kudalirika kwa nthawi yayitali komanso magwiridwe antchito a zingwe za fiber optic. Chimachita gawo losasinthika pakutseka madzi, kukana chinyezi, kuletsa, komanso kukhazikika kwa kapangidwe kake. Pamene maukonde olumikizirana a fiber optic akupitilizabe kusintha kukhala liwiro lokwera, mphamvu zazikulu, komanso moyo wautali wautumiki, zofunikira pakugwira ntchito komanso kufunikira kwa njira zowongolera zinthu zodzaza zingwe zikuwonjezekanso pang'onopang'ono.
Nthawi yotumizira: Epulo-29-2026