Pakupanga mawaya ndi zingwe, zinthu zoyendetsera magetsi makamaka zimaphatikizapo siliva, mkuwa, ndi aluminiyamu. Siliva imapereka mphamvu zamagetsi zambiri, koma chifukwa cha mtengo wake wokwera, nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito mu zingwe zamagetsi zama frequency apamwamba, zingwe zolondola za zida, ndi zingwe zamawu apamwamba kwambiri. Mkuwa uli ndi mphamvu zamagetsi pambuyo pa siliva ndipo umapereka mphamvu zogwirira ntchito bwino, mphamvu zamakanika, komanso kukana dzimbiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ugwiritsidwe ntchito kwambiri mu zingwe zamagetsi, mawaya omangira, zingwe zowongolera, ndi zingwe zolumikizirana. Aluminiyamu ili ndi mphamvu zoyendetsera magetsi pafupifupi 60% ya mkuwa (pafupifupi 61% IACS) pomwe ili ndi gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu okha a mphamvu za mkuwa komanso mtengo wotsika, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ugwiritsidwe ntchito kwambiri mu zingwe zotetezedwa ndi mlengalenga, mizere yotumizira, ndi zingwe zazikulu zamagetsi.
Kugwira ntchito kwa kondakitala sikudalira kokha pa chitsulo chokha komanso pakugwirizana kwa zinthu zotetezera kutentha, zinthu zophimba, ndi zinthu zina zokhudzana nazo. Mwachitsanzo, potengera mkuwa wopanda mpweya wabwino kwambiri, kusakwanira kwa zinthu kungayambitse mavuto okhazikika pa ntchito ya nthawi yayitali, zomwe zingakhudze magwiridwe antchito amagetsi ndi kudalirika. Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC),Polyethylene Yolumikizidwa ndi Mtanda (XLPE), ndi ma polypropylene (PP) insulation compounds ali ndi makhalidwe osiyanasiyana pankhani ya kukana kutentha, magwiridwe antchito amagetsi, komanso kukhazikika kwa mankhwala. Pakati pawo, XLPE ndi PP nthawi zambiri zimakhala zoyenera kwambiri pakugwiritsa ntchito zomwe zimafuna kutentha kwambiri kapena magwiridwe antchito abwino amagetsi. Chifukwa chake, kugwirizanitsa kwa conductor ndi insulation ndikofunikira kwambiri pakupanga chingwe.
Panthawi yojambula waya, ma conductor a mkuwa amakhala ndi kupsinjika kwamkati, komwe kungakhudze kusinthasintha kwa magetsi. Kudzera mu annealing, kusinthasintha kwa magetsi kumatha kukulitsidwa pamene kukulitsa kusinthasintha. Komabe, ma conductor ofewa a mkuwa omwe alowetsedwa amakhala ndi mphamvu zochepa zamakaniko. Zotsatira zake, kupsinjika kwa conductor, kutentha kwa extrusion, ndi nyengo yozizira ziyenera kulamulidwa bwino panthawi yotulutsa insulation kuti zitsimikizire kukhazikika kwa conductor ndi kufanana kwa insulation layer. Izi zikuwonetsa kufunika kwa mgwirizano pakati pa kukonza conductor ndi njira zotulutsira insulation.
Mu kutumiza chizindikiro cha ma frequency ambiri, zotsatira za khungu zimapangitsa kuti magetsi azizungulira pamwamba pa kondakitala, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mawonekedwe a conductivity pamwamba akhale ofunika kwambiri. Mu ntchito zina zotsika mtengo, ma conductor a Copper-Clad Aluminium (CCA) amagwiritsidwa ntchito poyesa mtengo ndi kulemera, pomwe ma conductor a Silver-Coated Copper (SCC) kapena a siliva-plated copper amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu ntchito zapamwamba komanso zodalirika. Pakadali pano, zipangizo zotetezera zomwe zimakhala ndi dielectric yochepa komanso yotsika kwambiri yotayika - monga Foam Polyethylene (Foam PE), Foam Polypropylene (Foam PP), ndi ma XLPE compounds oyera kwambiri - zingathandize kuchepetsa kuchepa kwa ma signal ndikukweza magwiridwe antchito apamwamba.
Ntchito zosiyanasiyana zimafuna zipangizo zosiyanasiyana zoyendetsera. Zingwe zolumikizira njanji nthawi zambiri zimaika patsogolo ma conductor a mkuwa kuti zitsimikizire kudalirika kwa makina ndi kukhazikika kwa zizindikiro. Zingwe zotumizira mauthenga mumlengalenga zimagwiritsa ntchito kwambiri ma conductor a aluminiyamu, nthawi zambiri zimaphatikizidwa ndi PVC kapena black Polyethylene (PE) sheathing yosagwedezeka ndi nyengo kuti chilengedwe chikhale cholimba. Zingwe zam'madzi ndi za m'mphepete mwa nyanja nthawi zambiri zimaika patsogolo ma sheathing a Low Smoke Zero Halogen (LSZH) kuti akwaniritse zofunikira za chitetezo cha moto chopanda utsi wambiri, chopanda halogen, komanso chopanda poizoni. Mu mawaya amagetsi amphamvu atsopano (NEV), ma conductor a aluminiyamu amafunikira ma XLPE insulation compounds oyenerera, ma sheathing osatentha, ndi njira zapadera zolumikizirana kuti zitsimikizire kudalirika kwa kulumikizana kwa nthawi yayitali.
Mwachidule, kusankha kondakitala sikumangokhudza mphamvu yamagetsi, mphamvu ya makina, kulemera, ndi mtengo wake, komanso kapangidwe kogwirizana ka zinthu zotetezera kutentha, zinthu zophimba kutentha, ndi zinthu zina zokhudzana ndi chingwe. Zipangizo monga zinthu zotetezera kutentha za XLPE, zinthu zophimba kutentha za PVC,Mankhwala a LSZH, Foam PE, ndi Thermoplastic Elastomers (TPE) zimakhudza mwachindunji magwiridwe antchito amagetsi, kukana kutentha, ndi moyo wa ntchito ya ma conductor. Kugwirizana koyenera pakati pa ma conductor ndi zipangizo za chingwe ndikofunikira kuti chingwe chikhale chodalirika komanso chotsika mtengo.
Nthawi yotumizira: Meyi-29-2026